Nicardipine-Induced Acute Pulmonary Edema: A Rare but Severe Complication of Tocolysis

Table 3

Published case reports on APE occurring during a tocolytic treatment with nicardipine.

Authors		Premature labor term	Nicardipine maximal flow rate	Associated treatments	Patients characteristics
Vaast et al. [31]	5 cases	29.2 WA (mean)	6 mg/h	IM corticosteroids	2 TwP, 1 TrP, GDM, and cardiovascular history
Bal et al. [49]	1 case	27 WA	2 mg/h	IM corticosteroids	No history
Chapuis et al. [32]	1 case	30 WA + 2 days	2.2 mg/h	IM corticosteroids and IV salbutamol	TwP and 2 abortions
Janower et al. [34]	3 cases	29 WA (mean)	4 mg/h	IM corticosteroids and IV salbutamol	GDM
Philippe et al. [33]	3 cases	31 WA (mean)	MD	IM corticosteroids and IV atosiban	Smoking and 1 TwP
Akerman et al. [30]	4 cases	29 WA (mean)	MD	IM corticosteroids, sup. salbutamol, and IV atosiban	3 TwP and IDD

: number of cases; WA: weeks of amenorrhea; IM: intramuscular; IV: intravenous; TwP: twin pregnancy; TrP: triplet pregnancy; MD: missing data; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; sup.: suppository; IDD: insulin dependent diabetes.