Cyclic Nonrespiratory Pulse Pressure Oscillations Caused by Atrioventricular Dissociation

Table 1

Prerequisites for dynamic preload assessment using ventilation-induced hemodynamic alterations.

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(i) Tidal volume > 8 ml/kg

(ii) Heart rate/respiratory rate ratio > 3.6

(iii) Closed chest

(iv) No abdominal hypertension

(v) No spontaneous respiratory efforts

(vi) No right ventricular failure

(vii) Regular rhythm

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