The Considerations and Controversies in Using High-Flow Nasal Oxygen with Self-Prone Positioning in SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Disease

Table 1

A comparison of major organisation recommendations for CPAP/NIV and HFNO.

Body	Noninvasive ventilation	High-flow nasal oxygen
SCCM (USA) [6]	Consider if HFNO failed	Yes
NIH (USA) [6]	Consider if HFNO unavailable	Yes
ANZICS (Australia & New Zealand) [8–10]	No	Yes
WHO (Switzerland) [7]	Yes	Yes
FICM, RCoA, ICS, & AAGBI (UK) [11]	Bridge to intubation	No
ESICM (Europe/UK) [2]	Consider if HFNO failed	Yes
Surviving Sepsis Campaign [2]	Consider if HFNO failed	Yes
NHS England [40]	Yes	No

SCCM: Society of Critical Care Medicine; NIH: National Institutes of Health; ANZICS: Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society; WHO: World Health Organisation; FICM: Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine; RCoA: Royal College of Anaesthetists; ICS: Intensive Care Society; AAGBI: Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland; ESICM: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.