Selectable Implant Removal Methods due to Mechanical and Biological Failures

Figure 6

Advanced and mixed removal methods applied on #14, #15, and #16 regions. (a) Supragingival eruption state of an implant fixture. (b) Implant prosthodontics removal state showing a lack of keratinized gingiva and peri-implant tissue impairment. (c) Exposure of upper portion of the implant fixture and severe surrounding alveolar bone loss. (d) Implant removal using the Neo FR Kit (NeoBiotech, Seoul, Korea) on #14 and #16 regions and using the trephine bur (external diameter: 5 mm, internal diameter: 4 mm) on #15 region and the surrounding alveolar bone. (e) Implant removal socket showing a perforation of the sinus inferior wall and maintenance of the internal schneiderian membrane. (f) Tension-free suture for a natural healing progress.

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