Case Report
Avulsion of Permanent Mandibular Incisors: A Report of Two Cases with Pertinent Literature
Table 1
Case reporting avulsion of the permanent mandibular incisors.
| Case no. | Nature | Mandibular tooth avulsed | Age (years) | Etiology | Extraoral time | Storage media | Treatment | Follow-up | Outcome (at final follow-up) | Author/year | S. no. | FDI notation |
| 1 | Direct | 1 | #31 | 11 | Playground injury | 3 hours | Dry | Delayed implantation (DR) after soaking in doxycycline | 2 years | Success—arrested root resorption | Calişkan et al. [7] | 2 | Direct | 2 | #31 | 6 | Fall | 2 hours | Milk | DR | 8 years 8 months | Success—surface resorption in both | Kinoshita et al. [8] | 3 | Direct | 3 | #41 | 9 | Fall | 11 hours | Dry | DR | 1 year 6 months | | | 4 | Direct | 4 | #42 | 12 | Playground injury | 20 minutes | None | Self immediate implantation (IR). Late root canal treatment (RCT) after 6 months. | 1 year | Success—asymptomatic and stable | Emerich et al. [9] | 5 | Direct | 5 | #41 | 12 | Dog bite | 5 hours | Entrapped in intraoral laceration | IR RCT after 1 week | 1 week | Success—asymptomatic and stable | Bianco et al. [10] | 6 | Direct | 6 | #41 | 8 | Baseball injury | 6 hours | Milk | IR. No RCT | 3 weeks | Failure—extraction and rehabilitation | Boynton and Barber [11] | 7 | Direct | 7 | #31 | 13 | Self injury by thread | 11 days | Dry wrapped in cloth | DR | 20 months | Functional with replacement resorption | Shweta et al. [12] | 8 | Direct | 8 | #31 | 7 | Fall | 20 minutes | Milk | IR No RCT. Single-step regenerative therapy after 6 months for a failed reimplantation | 2 years | Success—asymptomatic and stable continuous root development | Chaniotis [13] | 9 | Direct | 9 | #41 | 8 | Playground injury | 3 hours | Not stored | DR | 4 years | Success—asymptomatic and stable | Abuhaimed [14] | | 10 | #42 | | | | | RCT after 4 months | | | 10 | Direct | 11 | #42 | 17 | Domestic | Less than 30 minutes | Milk | IR after topical doxycycline application | 6 months | Success—asymptomatic and vital on electric pulp testing testing | Sankar et al. [15] | | | | | Accident | | | | | | 11 | Indirect | 12 | #31 | 11 | Playground injury | 15 days | Not stored | Not implanted (NR) | Not applicable (NA) | NA | Bonanato et al. [16] | | | | | | | | Replacement by fibre reinforced adhesive FPD | | | 12 | Indirect | 13 | #31 | 12 | Fall | No tooth found | NA | NR | NA | NA | Elbay et al. [17] | | 14 | #41 | | | | | Prosthetic | | | | | | | | | | Rehabilitation | | | 13 | Indirect | 15 | #31 | 8 | Playground injury | 3 hours | Teeth not recovered | Fixed space maintainer | NA | NA | Salako et al. [18] | | 16 | #32 | | | | | | | | | 17 | #41 | | | | | | | | | 18 | #42 | | | | | | | | 14 | Indirect | 19 | #31 | 13 | Sledge | NR | NR | Reimplantation | NA | NA | Schneider and Moser [19] | | 20 | #32 | | Accident | NR | NR | No RCT | NA | NA | | | | | | | | Extracted after 15 months. Orthodontic management of extraction spaces | | | 15 | Indirect | 21 | #31 | 6 | Fall | NR | NA | NR | 4 year | Root-like structures found on incidental ortho pantomogram (OPG) examination | Reis et al. [20] | | 22 | #31 | | | | | Prosthetic rehabilitation by removable partial denture | | | | | 23 | #41 | | | | | | | | | | 24 | #42 | | | | | | | |
|
|