Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Hyperthyroidism in a Patient with Myotonic Dystrophy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Thyroid disorder associated with MD: review of the literature.

Authors	Number of cases	Age/sex	Hormonal status	Clinical features	TSH U/mL	T4/T3	Treatment
Ørngreen et al. 2012 [1]	97	—	5: hypothyroidism; 2: hyperthyroidism; 2: nontoxic multinodular goiter	1: excessive tiredness	Low TSH: 5 (2%); High TSH: 2 (5%)	Normal/normal; Normal/low	L-Thyroxine
Molina et al. 1996 [2]	1	—	Hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and hyperinsulinism	—	—	—	Parathyroid adenoma extirpation, subtotal thyroidectomy
Steinbeck and Carter 1982 [4]	20	38.3/—	2: nontoxic multinodular goiter; 1: single thyroid nodule	Euthyroid	Euthyroid: 2.6 ± 0.5	101.5 ± 28/1.86 ± 0.57 nmol/L	—
Fukazawa et al. 1990 [5]	12	—	1: nontoxic multinodular goiter	Euthyroid	Euthyroid: 2.7 ± 1.3	16.6 ± 4.5/1.61 ± 0.29 nmol/L	—
Bonanni et al. 1997 [6]	33	—	9: nontoxic multinodular goiter; 9: single thyroid nodule	Euthyroid	Normal	Normal/normal	—
Lee and Hughes 1964 [7]	19	—	4: nontoxic multinodular goiter; 2: single thyroid nodule	—	—	—	—
Zargar et al. 2002 [8]	1	27/M	Hypothyroidism and Addison’s disease	Euthyroid	—	—	—
Peterson et al. 1976 [9]	2	—	Hyperthyroidism	Thyrotoxicosis	—	—	—
Okuno et al. 1981 [10]	1	—	Hyperthyroidism	—	—	—	—
Pagliara et al. 1985 [11]	1	53/M	Hyperthyroidism and Addison’s disease	Thyrotoxicosis	0.6	17.2 g/dL/417 ng/dL	Methimazole and cortisone
Daumerie et al. 1994 [12]	1	—	Nontoxic multinodular goiter	Euthyroid	—	—	—
Stanbury et al. 1954 [13]	2	—	1: hypothyroidism; 1: nontoxic multinodular goiter Hypothyroidism	Myxedema	—	—	L-Thyroxine
Drucker et al. 1961 [14]	17	—	1: hypothyroidism	—	—	—	L-Thyroxine
Kuhl et al. 1961 [15]	4	—	Normal	Euthyroid	—	—	—
Brumlik and Maier 1972 [16]	1	39/F	Hypothyroidism	Myxedema	—	—	L-Thyroxine
Sagel et al. 1976 [17]	12	—	2: single thyroid nodules	Euthyroid	1.7	8.0 ± 1.6/25.8 ± 3.7	—
Lecomte et al. 1977 [18]	1	—	Normal	—	—	—	—
Henriksen et al. 1978 [19]	7	—	Normal	Euthyroid	Normal	Normal/normal	—
Tredici and Coletti 1978 [20]	2	—	Hypothyroidism	—	—	Low T4/—	L-Thyroxine
Okuno et al. 1979 [21]	1	53/F	Hyperthyroidism	—	—	—	Antithyroid drugs
Rioperez et al. 1979 [22]	2	—	1: hypothyroidism; 1: nontoxic multinodular goiter	—	40	3.4–6.8 ng/100 mL/1.25–1.48 ng/mL	L-Thyroxine
Borda et al. 1982 [23]	1	—	Hyperthyroidism	—	—	—	—
Konagaya et al. 1983 [24]	1	—	Hyperthyroidism	—	—	—	—
Pizzi et al. 1985 [25]	12	—	1: hypothyroidism	—	Normal	Low T4/—	L-Thyroxine
Takase et al. 1987 [26]	26	—	Normal	—	Normal	Normal/normal	—