Case Report

Adrenal Ganglioneuroblastoma in Adults: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 3

Reported cases of adult-onset adrenal GNB in literature.

First Author (year)Age (years)GenderSymptomsSize (cm)SideImagingHormonal activityMetastasesPreliminary diagnosisHistopathologyTreatmentFollow-up

Butz (1940)25MLiver
Cameron (1967)58FDiarrheaRight↑ urinary catecholamines, vanilmandelic acid and homovanilmandelic acidAbsentPheochromocytomaSurgery3.5 years, no recurrence
Takahashi (1988)21MAsymptomatic8,8Left↑ urinary vanilmandelic acidLymph nodesNeuroblastomaSurgery + RT + CT8 months, no recurrence
Koizumi (1992)47FFatigue, low back pain9RightHeterogeneous↑ urinary catecholamines, vanilmandelic acid and homovanilmandelic acidBone marrowNoneNone3 months, dead
Higuchi (1993)29M11↑ urinary catecholaminesBone marrowSurgery10 months, no recurrence
Hiroshige (1995)35MAsymptomatic10LeftHeterogeneous and calcificationsNoneAbsentCarcinoma, neuroblastomaSurgery2 years, no recurrence
Mehta (1997)22M9BilateralSurgery
Rousseau (1998)FLeftLiverSurgery + RT + CT
Fujiwara (2000)25MHeadache, palpitations, hypertension, weight loss9LeftOvalar, heterogeneous, calcificationsNoneAbsentPheochromocytomaGNB intermixed + pheochromocytomaSurgery5 years, no recurrence
Slapa (2002)20FAsymptomatic18NoneAbsentSurgery1 year, no recurrence
Koike (2003)50MAsymptomatic4,5RightOvalar, necrotic central areaNonePheochromocytoma, adrenal malignancy, neuroblastic tumorSurgery2.5 years, no recurrence
Gunlusoy (2004)59MRight flank and epigastric pain, malaise, anemia, weight loss, microscopic hematuria12RightLobulated, necrotic areasNoneLymph nodesNoneSurgery
Mizuno (2010)53MIncreased frequency of urination11RightSmooth margins, homogeneousNoneLumbar spineNoneGNB nodularSurgeryRecurrence after 2.5 years
Bolzacchini (2015)63MAsymptomatic5LeftIrregular margins, heterogeneousNoneAbsentNoneGNB nodularSurgery6 months, no recurrence
Qiu (2015)27FPain11LeftOvalar, cystic-solidNoneAbsentPheochromocytomaGNB intermixedSurgery5 months, no recurrence
Present case (2015)21FAsymptomatic11LeftLobulated, heterogeneous, calcificationsNoneLymph nodesAdrenal carcinoma, leiomyosarcomaGNB intermixedSurgery21 months, no recurrence

Modified from Bolzacchini et al. [12, 13].