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Author and Reference | Age at diagnosis | Gender | Duration of fever | Clinical symptoms and signs other than fever | Initial labs: Metanephrines/Catecholamines/ Interleukin-6 [IL-6] | ESR | CRP | Size of mass | Diagnoses and management |
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Martin et al. [5] | 57 years | Male | 3 months | Hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, pallor | Free normetanephrine: 4.82 nmol/L [<0.90] & metanephrine 4.03 nmol/L [<0.50] | Elevated | Elevated | 4.5 cm right adrenal mass | Right adrenalectomy with clinical improvement |
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K F Ng [6] | 7 years | Male | 40 days | Absent hypertension, tachycardia | Not done, as pheochromocytoma not suspected | | Elevated | 5 cm left adrenal mass | Surgical resection consistent with a pheochromocytoma, followed by clinical improvement |
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Ciacciarelli et al. [7] | 45 years | Female | 2 months | Hypertension & tachycardia Absent palpitations, headache, diaphoresis. | Urine and plasma metanephrines normal. Interleukin-6: 180.28 pg/mL (3-4) | Elevated | Elevated | 3.5 cm left adrenal mass | Left adrenalectomy with clinical improvement |
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Jin et al. [8] | 66 years | Male | | Hypertension, tachycardia, renal failure | 24 hr urine vanillylmandelic acid: 14.3 µmol (9.6–49.5) | | Elevated | 7 cm left adrenal mass | Left adrenalectomy with clinical improvement and improvement in renal function |
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Yarman et al. [9] | 18 years | Female | | Weight loss, malaise Absent paroxysmal symptoms | Urine normetanephrine: 3612 µg/24 hours (105–354) Interleukin-6: 12.5 pg/mL (<3.0 pg/mLl | Elevated | Elevated | 5.5 cm right adrenal mass | Surgical resection, followed with clinical improvement Interleukin-6 normalized a few weeks after resection |
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Our patient | 64 years | Female | 1 month | Sweating, headaches, hypertension, malaise | 24-hour urine normetanephrine 1915 mcg (122-676) | Elevated | Elevated | 5 cm left adrenal mass | Left adrenalectomy with clinical improvement |
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