Combination Therapy with Empagliflozin and Insulin Results in Successful Glycemic Control: A Case Report of Uncontrolled Diabetes Caused by Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Subsequent Steroid Treatment

Table 1

Postprandial laboratory results on patient’s first visit.

Hematology		Auto-antibody tests
White blood cells	7400/μL	Antinuclear antibodies	< 40
Red blood cells	473×10^4/μL
Hemoglobin	15.9 g/dL	Immunoglobulin
Hematocrit	44.9%	Immunoglobulin A	186 mg/dL
Platelets	22.5×10^4/μL	Immunoglobulin M	90 mg/dL
		Immunoglobulin G	1104 mg/dL
Blood chemistry		Immunoglobulin G4	141 mg/dL
Albumin	4.9 g/dL
T-bilirubin	0.8 mg/dL	Tumor markers
Aspartate aminotransferase	18 IU/L	CEA	5.7 ng/mL
Alanine aminotransferase	20 IU/L	CA19-9	1.2 U/mL
Lactate dehydrogenase	162 IU/L	Span-1	< 1.0 U/mL
Alkaline phosphatase	448 IU/L	DUPAN-2	57 U/mL
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase	47 IU/L
Pancreatic amylase	13 IU/L	Glycometabolism tests
Lipase	18 IU/L	Plasma glucose	529 mg/dL
Trypsin	111 ng/mL	HbA1c	13.1%
Elastase-1	93 IU/L	Glycoalbumin	43.2%
Cholinesterase	290 IU/L	C-peptide reactivity	1.15 ng/mL
Creatinine kinase	115 IU/L	Anti-GAD antibodies	< 5.0 U/mL
Uric acid	4.3 mg/dL
Blood urea nitrogen	11.5 mg/dL	Ketone body fractions
Creatinine	0.64 mg/dL	Total ketone bodies	895 μmol/L
eGFR	95 ml/min/1.73m^2	Acetoacetate	218 μmol/L
Sodium	135 mEq/L	β-Hydroxybutyrate	677 μmol/L
Potassium	4.1 mEq/L
Chloride	98 mEq/L	Urinalysis
Triglycerides	195 mg/dL	Protein	( – )
HDL cholesterol	65 mg/dL	Glucose	4+
LDL cholesterol	115 mg/dL	Occult blood	( – )
C-reactive protein	0.13 mg/dL	Ketones	(+/–)