Case Report

A Case Report on the Progression of Myeloid Sarcoma to Form Multiple Metastatic Deposits without Developing Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

Box 1

Immunohistochemical stain.
Histology shows multiple fragmented needle core biopsies of tumour infiltrating fibrofatty
connective tissue. The tumour is composed of sheets of medium-sized to large atypical cells with
vesicular nuclei, prominent central single nucleoli and relatively abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm
and their admixed small lymphocytes and scattered histiocytes.
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An extensive panel of immunohistochemical stains has been performed. The neoplastic cells do
not express cytokeratin cocktail, cytokeratin 5/6, EMA or WT1. Occasional cells show nuclear
staining for S-100. Reactive lymphoid cells are highlighted by immunostaining for CD2, CD3, CD20
and CD79a, but the tumour cells are negative. They show weak trace of focal staining for CD56.
They do not express CD138, CD30, CD8, chromogranin, ALK, HHV-8 or granzyme B. Many of the
tumour cells show patchy positivity for CD4, CD14 and CD45 and many are CD68-positive.
Scattered cells are CD117-positive while most are CD43-positive and many are CD34-positive. Some
cells are CD15-positive. Scattered TdT-positive cells are identified. The Ki67 proliferation fraction is
variable, up to 50% in some areas.
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The morphological appearances and immunophenotype are most in keeping with myeloid
sarcoma. Referral to haematology is recommended.