Severe Sepsis due to Clostridium perfringens Bacteremia of Urinary Origin: A Case Report and Systematic Review

Table 1

Systematic review of urinary tract infections due to Clostridium perfringens.

Case	Age/sex	Diabetes	Renal insufficiency	Malignancy	Condition	Bacteremia	Initial antibiotics	Final antibiotics	Outcome
Nielsen and Laursen, 1972 [10]	75/F	Yes	No	No	Cystitis	No	TMP/SMX	TMP/SMX	Survived and infection resolved
Shah et al., 1973 [11]	84/F	No	Not reported	No	Emphysematous cystitis	No	Nitrofurantoin	Penicillin G	Survived and infection resolved
Wayland and Kiviat, 1974 [12]	80/M	Yes	No	No	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Not reported	Not reported	Deceased
Wayland and Kiviat, 1974 [12]	62/F	Yes	Not reported	No	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Penicillin	Cephalosporin	Survived and infection resolved
Maliwan, 1979 [13]	38/F	No	Not reported	No	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Penicillin G	Penicillin G	Survived and infection resolved
West et al., 1981 [14]	72/F	Yes	Not reported	No	Emphysematous cystitis	No	Penicillin G	Penicillin G	Survived and infection resolved
Galloway, 1984 [15]	58/F	No	Yes	Yes	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Penicillin	Penicillin	Deceased
Bergman and Warren, 1988 [16]	76/M	No	Yes	No	Cystitis	No	Penicillin, metronidazole, amikacin	Penicillin	Survived and infection resolved
Greene, 1992 [17]	70/M	No	Not reported	Yes	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Metronidazole, cefotaxime	Penicillin, cefotaxime	Survived and infection resolved
Katz et al., 1993 [18]	75/F	Yes	Yes	No	Emphysematous cystitis	Yes	Ampicillin	Penicillin G	Survived and infection resolved
Lazarescu et al., 2012 [19]	34/F	No	Not reported	No	Gangrenous cystitis	Yes	Not reported	Not reported	Deceased