Sanguineous Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade in the Setting of Graves’ Disease: Report of a Case and Review of Previously Reported Cases

Table 1

Case reports of hyperthyroidism complicated by pericardial effusion.

Reference	Age (years), gender	Etiology of thyroid disease	Presence of tamponade	Presence of atrial fibrillation	Sanguineous pericardial effusion	Cardiac intervention
Clarke et al. [2]	53, male	NS	Yes, by clinical features	NS	Yes	Pericardiocentesis, pericardiectomy
Clarke et al. [2]	35, female	Graves’ disease	Yes, by clinical features	NS	NS	Pericardiocentesis
Clarke et al. [2]	54, female	NS	No, by ECHO	Yes	Described as “unremarkable”	Pericardial biopsy
Clarke et al. [2]	47, female	Graves’ disease	No, by ECHO	Yes	NS	None
Khalid et al. [3]	68, female	Graves’ disease	No, by ECHO	NS	NS	None
Levy et al. [4]	NS, NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Nakata et al. [5]	43, male	Graves’ disease	No, by ECHO	No	Yes	Pericardiocentesis
Ovadia et al. [6]	76, female	Multinodular goiter	No, by ECHO	Yes	NS	None
Teague et al. [7]	42, female	Graves’ disease	Yes, by ECHO	Yes	Yes	Pericardiocentesis
Yu et al. [8]	33, female	Graves’ disease	Yes, by ECHO	Yes	Yes	Pericardiocentesis
Current case	76, male	Graves’ disease	Yes, by ECHO	Yes	Yes	Pericardiocentesis

ECHO: echocardiography; NS: not stated in case report.