Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma of the Native Kidney in a Renal Transplant Recipient: A Rare Case Report

Table 1

Common subtypes of renal cell carcinoma [3–5].

Renal cell carcinoma	Associations	Imaging	Morphologic characteristics	Behavior	Incidence
Clear cell	Patients >50 years; Von Hippel–Lindau tuberous sclerosis	Hypervascular; Heterogeneous; (hemorrhage, necrosis, or cysts); Originates from the renal cortex	Cells with clear cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and extensive intricate branching vasculature, arranged in a nested architectural pattern.	Aggressive	75%
Papillary cell	Patients >50 years; Hereditary papillary RCC; End-stage renal	Hypovascular; Homogeneous; More common to be bilateral or multifocal	Neoplastic cells arranged in discrete papillary fronds with fibrovascular cores and can also be in a papillary-trabecular or papillary-solid architectural pattern.	Aggressive	10–15%
Chromophobe	Patients >50 years; Birt–Hogg–Dube syndrome	Hypovascular spoke-wheel contrast enhancement; Indistinguishable from oncocytomas	Smaller eosinophilic and larger pale neoplastic cells with wrinkled nuclei and perinuclear halos arranged in a predominantly solid architectural pattern.	Favorable, low mortality	5–11%
Collecting duct	Male-to-female ratio: 2 : 1; Patients: fourth and fifth decades	Heterogeneous (necrosis, hemorrhage, and calcification) infiltrative growth; Originates from the medullary center	High-grade neoplastic cells with variable architectural patterns ranging from cribriform, papillary, solid, and tubular. Prominent stromal desmoplasia.	Very aggressive, 1/3 metastatic on diagnosis	1%
Renal medullary	Associated with sickle cell trait; Male-to-female ratio: 2 : 1; Mean age: 22 years	Hypovascular; Heterogeneous (hemorrhage and necrosis); Liver and lung metastasis	High-grade eosinophilic, neoplastic cells in varying architectural patterns. Cribriform pattern is the most common. Prominent desmoplastic stroma.	Very aggressive; Mean survival: 15 weeks	1%
Multiloculated cystic	Mean age: 50 years; Predominate in women with male-to-female ratio 1 : 4	Largely cystic lesions, <25% solid	Multiple cysts with thin septa, lined by clear cells.	Indolent, favorable prognosis	Less than 1%
Tubulocystic	Patients >50 years; Male-to-female ratio: 7 : 1	Predominately cystic lesion with thin septa	Purely tubular and cystic growth pattern. Cysts lined by a single layer of neoplastic cells with hobnail appearance.	Largely indolent, rare reports of metastatic disease	Rare (less than 100 cases reported)