Listeria monocytogenes Peritonitis in a Patient Receiving Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Nineteen reported cases of CAPD-related peritonitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes.

Year	Presenting symptoms	Immunocompromise/details (if any)	Antibiotic therapy	Duration of treatment	Outcome	References
1983	Abdominal pain	Immune thrombocytopenic purpura	IV and IP erythromycin and IV trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole	Unknown	Resolution	[3]
1989	Abdominal pain	SLE on prednisolone and azathioprine	Ampicillin and gentamicin (route unknown)	4  weeks	Resolution	[4]
1989	Abdominal pain	SLE	Vancomycin (route unknown) and then IV ampicillin	N/A	Resolution (vancomycin failure)	[5]
1990	Abdominal pain	Wegener’s granulomatosis on cyclophosphamide 25 mg daily	IP ampicillin and oral pivampicillin	3  weeks	Resolution	[6]
1991	Abdominal pain and fever	Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia on prednisolone	Oral amoxicillin and IV gentamicin	4 weeks	Resolution (vancomycin failure)	[7]
1991	Abdominal pain	Cirrhosis	Ampicillin (route unknown)	Unknown	Resolution (vancomycin failure)	[8]
1992	Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea	History of kidney transplantation	IV tobramycin and IP ampicillin	2 weeks	Resolution	[9]
1994	Abdominal pain	Polymyositis	IP ampicillin and gentamicin	N/A	Resolution (vancomycin failure)	[10]
2002	Abdominal pain and nausea	SLE	IP cephalosporins and ampicillin	3 weeks	Resolution	[11]
2003	Septic shock	SLE on prednisolone 5 mg daily and azathioprine 50 mg daily	IV ampicillin and amikacin	4 weeks	Resolution	[12]
2008	Abdominal pain, cloudy effluent, and fever	Congestive heart failure	Vancomycin and netilmicin	N/A	Resolution of peritonitis but death from heart failure (after prolonged therapy)	[13]
2011	N/A	Hypertension	IV amoxicillin	N/A	Resolution	[14]
2011	N/A	Chronic glomerulonephritis	IP amoxicillin	N/A	Resolution	[14]
2011	N/A	Congestive heart failure	Vancomycin and cetazidime and IP gentamycin	N/A	Resolution (vancomycin failure)	[15]
2016	Abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting	Intake of Faroese salmon	Oral amoxicillin and IP vancomycin	Amoxicillin for 2 weeks and vancomycin for 3 weeks	Resolution	[16]
2016	Septic shock	Congestive heart failure	IP ampicillin and gentamicin	N/A	Resolution	[17]
2017	Abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and fatigue	HIV	IP ampicillin	2 weeks	Resolution	[18]
2017	Fever, cloudy effluent, and meningitis	Diabetes mellitus	Failure to respond to IP vancomycin and ceftazidime and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole	N/A	Vancomycin failure and death	[19]
2017	Septic shock	Chronic glomerulonephritis, alcoholic cirrhosis; intake of goat curd	IP vancomycin and amikacin	N/A	Vancomycin failure and death	[20]

CAPD, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; IV, intravenous; IP, intraperitoneal; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus.