Clinical Significance of Human Metapneumovirus in Refractory Status Epilepticus and Encephalitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Children with acute encephalitis associated with human metapneumovirus infection.

Reference	Age/sex	Previous health condition	Seizure	Respiratory infection symptoms	CSF examination	Positive viral PCR
Schildgen et al. (2005) [9]	14 months/M	Healthy	Yes	No	Normal	Brain and lung tissue
Kaida et al. (2006) [12]	1 year/F	NM	NM	NM	NM	Respiratory
Hata et al. (2007) [14]	6 months/F	Healthy	Yes	No	Normal	Respiratory
Arnold et al. (2009) [11]	3 years/F	Healthy	Yes	Yes	13 WBC	Respiratory
	5 years/F	Healthy	Yes	Yes	Normal	Respiratory
	4 years/F	Healthy	No	Yes	227 WBC	Respiratory
	3 years/F	Healthy	No	No	7 WBC	Respiratory
	4 years/M	Healthy	Yes	Yes	NM	Respiratory
Niizuma et al. (2014) [15]	3.5 years/F	Healthy	Yes	No	2 WBC	Respiratory
Webster et al. (2014) [8]	15 months/F	Healthy	Yes	Yes	Normal	Respiratory
	18 months/F	One febrile; seizure	Yes	Yes	Normal	Respiratory
Fernández et al. (2012) [10]	10 years/F	Healthy	Yes	No	52 WBC	Respiratory; CSF
Index case	4 months	Healthy	Yes	Yes	100 WBC	Respiratory

NM: no mention.
He did not have respiratory tract symptoms during stay in ICU but the parents had observed mild rhinorrhea, cough, and fever 3 days before admission.