Chronic Encapsulated Expanding Thalamic Hematoma Associated with Obstructive Hydrocephalus following Radiosurgery for a Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Table 1

Patients with chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH) following radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformation.

Case number	Age	Sex	Location	Radiosurgery	Interval from radiosurgery to surgery (years)	Treatment of CEIH	Hematoma capsule	CT density	Edema	References
1	19	M	Rt. basal ganglia	GKS, 20 Gy	2	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Kurita et al. 1996 [1]
2	51	M	Rt. basal ganglia	GKS, 22.5 Gy	6	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Maruyama et al. 2006 [3]
3	47	M	Rt. caudate	GKS, 25 Gy	9	Craniotomy	Total removal	ND	+	Motegi et al. 2008 [4]
4	15	F	Rt. basal ganglia	LINAC, 15 Gy	7	Stereotactic aspiration	Not removed	High	−	Takeuchi et al. 2009 [6]
5	23	M	Rt. basal ganglia	GKS, 20 Gy	2	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Nakamizo et al. 2011 [5]
6	57	M	Rt. basal ganglia	GKS, 22.5 Gy	5	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Nakamizo et al. 2011 [5]
7	15	F	Rt. basal ganglia	GKS, 18 Gy	3	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Nakamizo et al. 2011 [5]
8	55	M	Rt. frontal	LINAC, 20 Gy	11	Craniotomy	Total removal	ND	+	Nakamizo et al. 2011 [5]
9	49	M	Lt. basal ganglia	LINAC, 18 Gy	4	Craniotomy	Total removal	ND	+	Takeuchi et al. 2011 [7]
10	20	M	Rt. frontal	ND	10	Craniotomy	Total removal	ND	+	Lee et al. 2011 [2]
11	20	F	Lt. cerebellar	GKS, 20 Gy	4	Craniotomy	Total removal	High	+	Watanabe et al. 2014 [8]
12	37	M	Lt. thalamus	ND	15	Craniotomy	Partial removal	Iso	+	Present case

F: female; M: male; Lt.: left; Rt.: right; GKS: gamma knife surgery; LINAC: linear accelerator radiosurgery; ND: not described.