Acute Brainstem Dysfunction Caused by Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

Figure 2

(a) Anteroposterior view of the right external carotid artery angiogram and (b) lateral view of the right internal carotid artery angiogram demonstrate a right-sided cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (white arrow) draining into the superior petrosal sinus (black arrow) and petrosal vein (double arrow). Note the retrograde venous drainage into the brainstem and cerebellar cortical veins (arrowheads). (c) Axial maximum intensity projection images of the right internal carotid artery angiogram. White arrow indicates the cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula. No bridging veins other than the superior petrosal sinus (black arrow) and petrosal vein (double arrow) are detected.

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