Ectopic Molar Pregnancy: Diagnostic Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Thirty-one cases and the current case on ectopic molar pregnancy.

Case number	Author	Age (years)	Gestation (weeks)	Site	Symptom	hCG type	hCG level (mIU/mL)	Rupture	Preoperative diagnosis	Treatment
1	Asseryanis et al. [2] (1993)	27	16	Left tube	Pelvic mass	β hCG	3.5	−	Ectopic molar pregnancy	Left tubal resection
2	D’Aguillo et al. [3] (1982)	24	15	Right ovary	Abdominal pain	β hCG	44000	−	Right tubal pregnancy	RSO
3	Chase et al. [4] (1987)	38	8	Right tube	Amenorrhea	β hCG	83	−	Ectopic pregnancy	Laparoscopic right tubal resection
4	Chapman [5] (2001)	35	9	Cervix	Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	90181	−	Cervical pregnancy	D&C + laparoscopy
5	Chauhan et al. [6] (2004)	27	6	Right tube	Abdominal pain	β hCG	406	−	Right tubal pregnancy	Laparoscopic right tubal resection
6	Wu et al. [7] (2006)	31	7	Cesarean scar	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	61798	−	Missed abortion	D&C × 2
7	Chauhan et al. [8] (2006)	40	12	Left cornua	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	2905	−	Unknown	TAH
8	Tulon et al. [9] (2010)	30	7	Left tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	5308	+	Ruptured ectopic pregnancy	Left tubal resection
9	Hwang et al. [10] (2010)	41	12	Left cornua	Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	57738	−	Ectopic pregnancy	Laparoscopic left cornual resection
10	Juan [11] (2013)	20	8	Left tube	Abdominal pain	β hCG	6984	+	Left tubal pregnancy	Laparoscopic left tubal resection
11	Mbarki et al. [12] (2015)	32	6	Left tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	β hCG	404000	+	Left tubal pregnancy	Laparoscopic left tubal resection
12		37	7	Left tube	Abdominal pain Shock vital	β hCG	290600	+	Ruptured ectopic pregnancy	Laparoscopic left tubal resection
13	Jock et al. [13] (1981)	27	12	Left ovary	Amenorrhea	Serum hCG	165000	+	Ovarian choriocarcinoma	LSO + OM + D&C
14	Zite et al. [14] (2002)	Unknown	12	Right cornua	Abdominal pain	Serum hCG	97000	+	Intrauterine mole + ovarian bleeding	Right cornual resection + D&C
15	Mohamed and Sharma [15] (2003)	32	Unknown	Right tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Serum hCG	7823	+	Ectopic pregnancy	Right tubal resection
16	Church et al. [16] (2008)	29	6	Left ovary	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Serum hCG	3584	+	Left tubal pregnancy	LSO
17	Leung et al. [17] (2010)	38	Unknown	Uterus + right ovary	Vaginal bleeding	Serum hCG	54000	+	Intrauterine mole	D＆C → right ovarian resection
18	Bousfiha et al. [18] (2012)	32	6	Left tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Serum hCG	3454	−	Ectopic pregnancy	Laparoscopic left tubal resection
19	Sehn et al. [19] (2013)	20	Unknown	Left ovary	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Serum hCG	100355	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic left ovarian resection → laparoscopic LSO
20	Ota et al. [20] (2014)	23	8	Peritoneum	Abdominal pain Shock vital	Serum hCG	8000	+	Ruptured ectopic pregnancy	Laparotomy
21	Ikuma et al. [21] (1992)	44	11	Left tube	Vaginal bleeding	Urine hCG	1600	+	GTD	MTX 1corse → ATH + LSO → MTX 1corse
22	P. Dumitrescu and A. Dumitrescu [22] (1960)	28	Unknown	Peritoneum	Unknown	Not performed	—	+	Ectopic pregnancy	Laparotomy
23	Westerhout Jr. [23] (1964)	32	8–10	Left tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding Shock vital	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	LSO
24	Pour-Reza [24] (1974)	36	Unknown	Left tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Ectopic pregnancy	LSO
25	Farrukh et al. [25] (2007)	27	Unknown	Right tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Ectopic pregnancy	Laparoscopic right tubal resection
26	Samaila et al. [26] (2009)	20	Unknown	Tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic tubal resection
27		28	Unknown	Tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic tubal resection
28		33	Unknown	Tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic tubal resection
29		35	Unknown	Tube	Abdominal pain Vaginal bleeding	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic tubal resection
30		37	Unknown	Tube	Amenorrhea	Not performed	—	+	Unknown	Laparoscopic tubal resection + LM
31	Yakasai et al. [27] (2012)	35	12	Left tube	Abdominal pain	Not performed	—	+	Left tubal pregnancy	Left tubal resection
32	Current case	33	8	Right cornua	Amenorrhea	β hCG	66400 (ng/mL)	−	Ectopic molar pregnancy	TAH

hCG: human chorionic gonadotropin; TAH: total abdominal hysterectomy; LSO: left salpingo-oophorectomy; RSO: right salpingo-oophorectomy; D&C: dilatation and curettage; OM: omentectomy; LM: laparoscopic myomectomy; MTX: methotrexate; GTD: gestational trophoblastic disease.