Case Report
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome Secondary to Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Unknown Origin: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Table 3
Cairo-Bishop clinical tumor lysis syndrome grading.
| | Grade 0 | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 | Grade 5 |
| Creatinine | None | >1.5 times ULN | 1.5-3 times ULN | >3-6 times ULN | >6 times ULN | Death | Cardiac arrhythmias | None | No intervention needed | Nonurgent medical intervention indicated | Symptomatic and incompletely controlled medially or with device (e.g., defibrillator) | Life threatening (e.g., arrhythmia with hypotension, heart failure) | Death | Seizures | None | None | One generalized seizure, seizures controlled by anticonvulsants, or infrequent focal motor seizures not interfering with ADL | Seizures in which consciousness is altered; poorly controlled seizure disorder, with breakthrough generalized seizures despite medical intervention | Seizure which is prolonged, repetitive or difficult to control | Death |
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