Case Report
High-Energy Transsyndesmotic Ankle Fracture Dislocation: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of high-energy transsyndesmotic ankle fracture dislocation in published reports.
| Publication; type of study | N of patients | Main causes of the injury (N/total N [% of total N]) | Open fracture, N/total N (% of total N) | AO-OTA fracture and dislocation classification (N/total N [% of total N]) | Associated fractures and injuries (N/total N [% of total N]) |
| Wang et al. [1]; retrospective review of patient registry | 41 | (i) Traffic accidents (11/41 [26.8%]) (ii) Falls (from human height) (16/41 [39%]) (iii) Falls from an elevation (10/41 [24.4%]) (iv) Sprains (3/41 [7.3%]) (v) Crush by a falling object (1/41 [2.4%]) | 16/41 (39%) | (i) 44A (3/41 [7.3%]) (ii) 44B (5/41 [12.2%]) (iii) 44C (33/41 [80.5%]) | (i) Distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injury (29/41 [70.7%]) (ii) Triangular ligament injury (18/41 [43.9%]) (iii) Fibula fracture (40/41 [97.6%]) (iv) Medial malleolus fracture (29/41 [70.7%]) (v) Tibial plafond injury (10/41 [24.4%]) |
| Bible et al. [2]; prospective cohort | 23 | (i) Traffic accidents (10/23 [43.5%]) (ii) Falls from an elevation (10/23 [43.5%]) (iii) (unspecified) crush (3/23 [13%]) | 12/23 (52.2%) | 44B (23/23 [100%]) | (i) Fibula fracture (22/23 [95.6%]) (ii) Medial malleolus fracture (18/23 [78.3%]) (iii) Tibial plafond injury (11/23 [47.8%]) |
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Footnote: all patients had been selected based on the 44B classification. |