Association of Bosworth, Pilon, and Open Talus Fractures: A Very Unusual Ankle Trauma

Table 1

Different stages involved in Bosworth injury. Seven stages are proposed by Perry et al. on a cadaveric study. In italic, complementary modifications proposed by the authors.

Stages	Involved lesion in Bosworth injury
1	AITFL
2	PITFL
3	Anteromedial part of the capsule
4	Interosseous membrane
5	Posterior entrapment of the fibula behind the tibia
6	Fibula fracture
7	Associated medial malleolus fracture or the deltoid ligament torn or pilon fracture
8	Associated talus fracture

AITFL: anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament; PITFL: posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament.