Complete Cubonavicular Coalition Associated with Midfoot Osteoarthritis

Table 2

Review of the published cases of nonosseous or undefined cubonavicular coalition.

Authors	Year	No. of cases	Sex	Age	Side	Nature of coalition	Symptoms	Physical examination
Cowell [37]	1982	1	n.a.	n.a.	L	NO	Pain with sport activities	Limited motion without details
Feliu [29]	1991	1	M	24	L	NO	Spontaneous pain dorsum of the foot	Normal
Palladino [30]	1991	1	M	13	L+R	NO (L+R)	Rearfoot pain with activity (right more than left)	Bilateral peroneal spasm, rigid subtalar joint, pes planovalgus
Newman [38]	2000	1	F	10	R	NO	n.a.	n.a.
Hounshell [31]	2011	1	F	37	L	NO	Persistent foot pain 8 months after a sprain	Decreased subtalar motion, painful sinus tarsi
Sarage [17]	2012	4	F	15	L	NO	Foot pain for 4 months with activity	Cuboid and navicular pain, decreased subtalar motion
			M	16	L+R	NO (L+R)	Bilateral dorsolateral midfoot pain	n.a.
			M	35	L	NO	Dorsolateral midfoot pain for 1 year	n.a.
			F	18	R	NO	Foot and ankle pain for 4 years with activity	Painful sinus tarsi, normal range of motion
De Keyzer [32]	2013	1	F	40	R	NO	Mechanical pain for some duration	Decreased subtalar motion, pes planovalgus
Lawrence [33]	2014	2	M	40	R	NO	Chronic midfoot pain	n.a.
			M	44	R	NO	Vague ankle pain	n.a.
Awan [34]	2015	1	M	17	R	NO	Foot pain for 6 months with activity	Tenderness over tarsonavicular region
Kamiya [35]	2015	1	F	14	R	NO	Midfoot pain exacerbated with activity	Normal
Chu [24]	2017	1	F	34	R	NO	Not clear (x-rays for distal tibia fracture)	Symptoms of post-traumatic arthritis (localization n.a.)
Berger-Groch [23]	2018	1	M	47	L	NO	None	Pes valgus and abductus
Ehredt [16]	2020	1	M	34	L	NO	Dorsolateral midfoot pain for 2 years with activity	Pes planovalgus, decreased subtalar motion
Harris [39]	1965	1	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Rankin [40]	1974	1	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Stormont [4]	1983	1	M	26	L	n.a.†	n.a.	n.a.
Sarrafian [41]	2011‡	8	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.

^†naviculo-cubo-third cuneiform (x-rays n.a.). ^‡4 cases reported by Gruber in 1871, 3 cases reported by Pfitzner in 1896, 1 case reported by Cruveilhier (1829-1835). M: male; F: female; L: left; R: right; NO: nonosseous; n.a.: nonavailable.