Growth Rate Analysis of an Untreated Glomus Vagale on MRI

Table 1

Literature review of radiologic studies investigating natural history of head and neck paragangliomas.

Study	Number of cases	Tumor subsite	Average FU duration; (years)	Imaging	Average growth rates in growing tumors			Tumor doubling time; (yr)	Number of tumors with change in size
					Maximum; axial dimension; (mm/yr)	Maximum; axial area; (cm^2/yr)	Volume; (cm^3/yr)		Regression	Stable	Growth
Current study	1	GV	7.5	MRI	0.68	0.04	1.60	13.82	NA	NA	1
Carlson et al., 2015 [4]	12	GJ	7.2	MRI	0.80	NA	0.44	NA	0	7 (58%)	5 (42%)
Prasad et al., 2014 [5]	23	GJ	5.1	MRI	NA	NA	NA	NA	3 (13%)	12 (52%)	8 (35%)
Langerman et al., 2012 [2]	47	GV (19 cases); CBT (28 cases)	5.0	CT, MRI	2.00	0.58	NA	NA	9 (20%)	19 (42%)	17 (38%)
Jansen et al., 2000 [6]	48	GV (17 cases); GJ (11 cases); CBT (20 cases)	4.2	CT, MRI	0.83	NA	NA	10.15	NA	NA	29 (60%)
Mean	26	NA	5.8	NA	1.10	0.31	1.00	11.99	11%	51%	44%

FU: follow-up, yr: year, GV: glomus vagale, MRI: magnetic resonance imaging, NA: not available, GJ: glomus jugulare, CBT: carotid body tumor, and CT: computed tomography.
An exact average value was not available. Grow rates were <3.00 mm/year in 7 tumors and >3.00 mm/year in 1 tumor.
Tumor volume was measured in this study; however the growth rate of the volume was not available.
This mean percentage does not include the current study which involves a single case of tumor.