Survival of Toddler with Aortoesophageal Fistula after Button Battery Ingestion

Table 1

Known survival cases of children with aortoesophageal fistula.

Case	Study	Age (years)	Gender	BB type	Length of BB exposure (hours)	Presenting symptoms	Sentinel bleed	Outcome and associated complications
1	Spiers, 2012	0.83	M	Unknown	14	Hematemesis	Yes	Esophageal stricture requiring continued intermittent balloon dilations
2	NCPC, 2017	2	F	Lithium	Unknown	Hematemesis	Unknown	Gastrostomy tube; paralysis of the legs
3	Granata, 2018	3	F	Lithium (CR 2025)	Unknown	Abdominal pain and hematemesis	No, but reduction in hemorrhage with 20 mm balloon in the esophagus, rapid shock resuscitation, and prompt intervention	Nasoduodenal tube for one month
4	Mahajan, 2018	3	F	Unknown	Unknown	Hematemesis	Yes	Gastrostomy-jejunostomy tube; reconstructive surgery 6 months postop
5	Bartkevics, 2019	1	F	Lithium (20 mm)	Unknown	Hematemesis, melena	Yes	No associated complications reported
6	NCPC, 2020	1.5	F	Lithium (20 mm)	Unknown	Hematemesis	Unknown	Gastrostomy tube
7	Sinclair, 2021	6	F	Unknown (21 mm)	6	Hematemesis	Yes	Temporary nasogastric tube
8	Current case, Gibbs, 2021	1.33	F	Lithium (20 mm, 3V)	Unknown	Hematemesis	Yes	Temporary gastrostomy tube (now removed); left vocal cord paresis (improving); no esophageal stricture