|
Study | Etiology | Presentation | Laterality | Clinical grading system† | Management | Prognosis | Time to resolution |
|
Miller et al. [6] | AFRS | Diplopia | Bilateral | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 2 weeks |
AFRS | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 2 weeks |
AFRS | Diplopia | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery, steroids, and oral antibiotics | Partial recovery | 1 month |
ABRS | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery and intravenous antibiotics | Partial recovery | 34 days |
|
Gupta et al. [22] | ABRS | Diplopia, headache and fever | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery and intravenous antibiotics | Complete recovery | 2 days |
|
Kordrostami and Parmar [23] | ABRS | Diplopia and visual loss | Right | Grade 4 | Surgery and intravenous antibiotics | Full improvement of visual acuity with preset of sixth-nerve palsy | 2 months |
|
Mograbi and Soudry [24] | ABRS | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery, steroids, and oral antibiotics | Complete recovery | 1 month |
CRS | Diplopia | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery and antibiotics | Complete recovery | 2 weeks |
|
Ada et al. [25] | ABRS | Diplopia and headache | Right | Grade 2 | Antibiotics and steroids | Complete recovery | 2 weeks |
|
Lee et al. [20] | Chronic invasive fungal sinusitis | Diplopia | Bilateral | Grade 2 | Surgery and antifungal treatment | Complete recovery | 17 months |
Sphenoid sinus fibrosis | Diplopia | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery and antibiotics | No resolution | No resolution |
Fungal ball | Diplopia and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 1 month |
ABRS | Retroorbital pain and progressive diplopia | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery and antibiotics | Complete recovery | 4 months |
|
Fockaert et al. [26] | AFRS | Diplopia and retroorbital pain | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 1 month |
|
Siu et al. [27] | ABRS | Diplopia and headache | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery and antibiotics | Complete recovery | 6 weeks |
|
Safouris et al. [28] | ABRS | Diplopia and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Antibiotics and steroids | Complete recovery | 2 weeks |
|
Del Brutto and Caputi [29] | ABRS | Diplopia and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Antibiotics | Complete recovery | 3 weeks |
|
Mubaidin and Hairi [7] | ABRS | Fever, diplopia and headache | Bilateral | Grade 2 | Antibiotics | Complete recovery | 4 weeks |
|
Harugop et al. [21] | Fungal ball | Fever, diplopia and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery, intravenous antibiotics, and local anti-fungal treatment | Complete recovery | 12 weeks |
NR | Decrease vision, fever and diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery and anti-fungal treatment | Partial recovery | 12 weeks |
|
Trinidade et al. [30] | Fungal ball | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 3 weeks |
|
Ceylan et al. [31] | CRS | Diplopia and headache | Bilateral | Grade 2 | Surgery, steroids, and oral antibiotics | Complete recovery | 6 weeks |
|
Lapusneanu et al. [32] | ABRS | Diplopia and headache | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery, steroids, and oral antibiotics | Complete recovery | 1 month |
|
Giordano et al. [33] | ABRS | Diplopia, ptosis and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery and intravenous antibiotics | Complete recovery | 4 days |
|
Vazirnezami et al. [34] | AFRS | Diplopia and headache | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 5 weeks |
|
Muneer and Jones [35] | Mucocele | Diplopia and headache | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery, steroids, and oral antibiotics | Complete recovery | 2 days |
Mucocele | Diplopia and periorbital cellulitis | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery and steroids | Complete recovery | 2 days |
Mucocele | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery | Complete recovery | 1 day |
|
Geçirilmesi [36] | Mucocele | Diplopia | Right | Grade 2 | Surgery | Partial recovery | 6 months |
|
Hill et al. [37] | Mucocele | Diplopia, headache and blurred vision, | Right | Grade 4 | Surgery and antibiotics | The third nerve palsy had resolved. There was no change in his visual acuity however | 3 months |
Mucocele | Ptosis, diplopia and headache | Left | Grade 2 | Surgery | Minimal residual third nerve weakness | 1 year |
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