Case Report

A Case of DeSanto-Shinawi Syndrome in Bahrain with a Novel Mutation

Table 1

Findings in comparison with previously reported WAC cases in the literature. The dysmorphic features reported in Zhang et al., 2019 [8] is presented in this table according to the clinical illustration found in https://www.sohu.com/a/354042751_387855. CC, cranial circumference; N.R., not reported; +, present; −, absent.

DeSanto et al., 2015Lugtenberg et al., 2016Uehara et al., 2018Vanegas et al., 2018Zhang et al., 2019Leonardi et al., 2020This Report

Sex5 F, 1 M6 F, 4 M3 MMF1 F, 2 MM
Age1.3–11 y/o1.5–22 y/o3–22 y/o4 y/o5.8 y/o7–17 y/o3.2 y/o
Normal Perinatal Period2/66/103/3++2/3+
Delayed Physical Growth2/63/102/3+2/3+
CC Size AnomalyN.R.2/101/3+2/3+

Development
Intellectual Disability3/68/103/3++2/3+
Language Delay6/69/103/3++3/3+
Motor Delay6/69/103/3++3/3+

Behavioral Problems
Autistic Features1/64/90/3N.R.2/3
Hyperactivity3/64/100/3+N.R.1/3
Anxiety3/63/101/3+N.R.1/3
Sleep Disturbance2/66/100/3-+2/3+
Stereotypies1/6N.R.0/3-N.R.2/3

Neurological
Hypotonia6/67/90/3++2/3+
Seizures2/61/90/3+ (focal)1/3+
Epilepsy1/61/90/3+1/3 (focal)+

Ocular
Vision2/65/101/3N.R.1/3
Strabismus3/63/101/3N.R.1/3

Dysmorphisms
Facial Shape DysmorphologyN.R.5/102/3+1/3+
Prominent Forehead6/610/101/3++1/3+
Bulbous Nasal Tip5/6N.R.3/3++2/3+
Long or Downslanting Palpebral Fissures1/65/103/31/3+
Synophrys3/62/101/3++1/3-
Deep Set Eyes2/65/100/3++2/3+
Full Lips–Think Upper Lip3/6N.R.1/3-0/3+
Low-set Ears3/6N.R.1/3+0/3
Hirsutism/Hypertricosis2/61/101/3+1/3+
Digital Anomalies1/67/7 (3 N.R.)3/3+N.R1/3+
Posteriorly Rotated Ears3/610/10N.R.+N.R.+
Preauricular Pit1/6N.R.1/3N.R.
Low Nasal Bridge6/6N.R.N.R.++N.R.+
Malar Hypoplasia1/6N.R.N.R.++N.R.+
Hypertelorism2/610/10N.R.++N.R.
MacroglossiaN.R.10/10N.R.+N.R.N.R.+

Other
Feeding Difficulties4/64/100/3+N.R.1/3
Constipation5/6N.R.1/3N.R.1/3+
Frequent InfectionsN.R.6/8 (2 N.R.)0/3+N.R.0/3+
Respiratory InfectionsN.R.6/8 (2 N.R.)N.R.+N.R.0/3+
Skin InfectionsN.R.N.R.N.R.N.R.N.R.0/3+
HypogammaglobulinemiaN.R.N.R.N.R.+N.R.N.R.
Hearing Abnormalities2/60/2 (8 N.R.)0/3+N.R.0/3
EEG Abnormalities0/20/1 (9 N.R.)N.R.N.R.+1/3
MRI Abnormalities1/64/9N.R.0/3+