Acceptance of Anxiety through Art Therapy: A Case Report Exploring How Anthroposophic Art Therapy Addresses Emotion Regulation and Executive Functioning
Table 2
Outcomes of self-report measures at T0 (prior to art therapy) and T1 (after AAT).
T0
T1
Interpretation
Norm scores [mean (SD)] in adult population ()
Anxiety (LWASQ total)
82
64
62.0 (15.9)
Somatic (physical aspects of anxiety)
33
24
23.5 (7.1)
Behavioral (avoidance)
21
17
16.1 (6.0)
Cognitive (worry and rumination)
28
23
22.4 (6.7)
Quality of life (MANSA)
63
65
64/65
Norm scores [mean (SD)] in female population ()
Difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS total)
112
87
77.99 (20.72)
Lack of clarity of emotions: the extent to which individuals know (and are clear about) the emotions they are experiencing
15
13
10.61 (3.80)
Lack of awareness of emotions: inattention to and lack of acknowledgement and awareness of emotional responses
13
14
14.34 (4.60)
Difficulty in controlling impulses: difficulties remaining in control of one’s behavior when experiencing negative emotions
24
17
10.82 (4.41)
Non-acceptance of emotions: tendency to have negative secondary emotional responses to one’s negative emotions, or non-accepting reactions to one’s distress
14
10
11.65 (4.72)
Limited access to ER strategies: belief that there is little that can be done to regulate emotions effectively, once an individual is upset
25
17
16.16 (6.19)
Difficulties engaging in goal-directed action: difficulties concentrating and accomplishing tasks when experiencing negative emotion
21
16
14.41 (4.95)
Executive Functioning (BRIEF-A total)
79
71
T-scores:
<60: normal range
60–65: subclinical range
>65: clinical range
Inhibit: ability to control impulses (inhibitory control) and to stop engaging in a behavior
63
55
Idem
Shift: cognitive flexibility, ability to move freely from one activity or situation to another; to tolerate change; to switch or alternate attention
54
46
Idem
Emotional control: ability to regulate emotional responses appropriately
59
54
Idem
Self-monitor: ability to keep track of the effect of one’s own behavior on other people
65
56
Idem
Initiate: ability to begin an activity and to independently generate ideas or problem-solving strategies
80
70
Idem
Working memory: ability to hold information when completing a task, when encoding information, or when generating goals/plans in a sequential manner
85
79
Idem
Plan/organize: ability to anticipate future events; to set goals; to develop steps; to grasp main ideas; to organize and understand the main points in written or verbal presentations
86
80
Idem
Organization of materials: ability to put order in work, play and storage spaces (e.g. desks, lockers, backpacks, and bedrooms)
86
77
Idem
Task evaluation: ability to check work and to assess one’s own performance
