Treatment of Severe Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder with Comorbid Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Functional Neurological Disorder in an Inpatient Setting: A Case for Specialist Units without Restrictive Interventions

Table 1

Outcome measure results on admission, six months after admission, at discharge and six months post-discharge. “A” showed improvement along all outcome measures at the point of discharge, compared to scores on admission. This change persisted at follow-up. RFL (Reasons for Living Scale), CORE (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation), GAD (Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-point scale), DERS (Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale), KIMS (The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills), PAI-BOR (Personality Assessment Inventory for Borderline personality disorder), PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire), QPR (Process of Recovery Questionnaire), and SWEMWBS (Short Warwick Edinburgh Well-being Scale).

Measure	Subscale	Admission	6 months	Discharge	6 months post-discharge	Change at discharge	Change at 6 months post-discharge
RFL	Survival coping beliefs	2.1	4.0	4.4	5	107.8%	137.30%
	Responsibility to family	1.4	2.0	2.3	5.1	60.0%	260.00%
	Child-related concerns	1.0	1.0	2.0	2.3	100.0%	133.30%
	Fear of suicide	2.7	2.6	2.0	2.3	-26.3%	-15.80%
	Fear of social disapproval	1.0	4.0	4.0	5.7	300.0%	466.70%
	Moral objection	2.0	2.5	2.8	2.5	37.5%	25.00%
	Mean Total	2.0	3.2	3.4	4.3	75.5%	120.20%
CORE	Well-being	4.00	1.50	0.75	1.3	-81.3%	-68.80%
	Symptoms	3.92	2.00	2.08	1.5	-46.8%	-61.70%
	Functioning	3.42	1.17	0.58	0.6	-82.9%	-82.90%
	Risk	2.50	0.17	0.00	0.2	-100.0%	-93.30%
	Nonrisk	3.71	1.57	1.25	1.1	-66.3%	-71.20%
	Mean total	3.5	1.3	1.0	0.9	-70.6%	-73.90%
GAD	Total	21	16	7	5	-66.7%	-76.20%
DERS	Non-accept	30	20	10	12	-66.7%	-60.00%
	Goals	25	18	14	11	-44.0%	-56.00%
	Impulse	29	12	6	6	-79.3%	-79.30%
	Awareness	24	14	10	7	-58.3%	-70.80%
	Strategies	33	22	14	12	-57.6%	-63.60%
	Clarity	21	14	9	15	-57.1%	-28.60%
	Total	162	100	63	63	-61.1%	-61.10%
KIMS	Observe	22	37	47	56	113.6%	154.50%
	Describe	21	22	28	24	33.3%	14.30%
	Act with awareness	34	36	31	26	-8.8%	-23.50%
	Accept without judgement	39	33	19	22	-51.3%	-43.60%
	Total	116	128	125	128	7.8%	10.30%
PAI-BOR	Affective instability	7	5	5	3	-28.6%	-57.10%
	Identity problems	12	6	6	4	-50.0%	-66.70%
	Negative relationships	8	7	6	4	-25.0%	-50.00%
	Self-harm	12	7	4	6	-66.7%	-50.00%
	Total	39	25	21	17	-46.2%	-56.40%
PHQ-9	Total	34	18	19	17	-44.1%	-50.00%
QPR	Interpersonal	10	39	58	65	480.0%	550.00%
	Intrapersonal	13	17	20	19	53.8%	46.20%
	Total	23	56	78	84	239.1%	265.20%
SWEMWBS	Total	15	26	29	29	93.3%	93.30%