Case Report

Small Intestinal Diverticulosis: A Rare Cause of Intestinal Perforation Revisited

Table 1

Details of all 14 cases.

No.AgeSexSymptomsSignsWBC-/LPast medical historyMethod of diagnosis and findingsManagementHistologyFollow-upRef.

182MLLQ and hypogastric painDiffuse tenderness18.2CT: jejunal diverticulitis with perforationSurgical resectionMultiple jejunal diverticulae. No malignancyUneventful[4]
248FRLQ painLocalized tenderness15.6CT: thickening of the distal jejunal loop with extraluminal air bubblesSurgery resectionMultiple jejunal inflamed diverticulaeNA[4]
387MAbdominal pain & feverTenderness in LLQ13.8CT: small intestinal diverticulitis with perforationConservative6 monthly follow-up for 5 years, no recurrence[5]
478FAbdominal pain+diarrheaNA16.4Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes. Osteosarcoma of the thigh with lung metastasisCT: small intestine diverticulitis, with a large diverticulum (4.7 cm) near the jejunumConservativeSmall bowel obstruction one year later, managed conservatively. Dead at 7 years-esophageal adenocarcinoma[5]
576MPostprandial abdominal painNA19.9Right hemicolectomy for hepatic flexure adenocarcinoma one year priorCT: multiple jejunal diverticulae with an inflammatory processConservative8 months follow-up, no recurrence[5]
687MEpigastric pain for one week, bloating, loose stoolsRUQ guarding and tenderness7.7Segmental resection and anastomosis of perforated jejunal diverticulum 3 years prior. Colonic diverticulaeCT: localized perforation of the small bowel with multiple dilated loops of small bowel surrounding an area of marked soft tissue stranding with multiple small locules of gasConservativeNo recurrence[7]
735MRLQ painGuarding and tenderness in RLQ. Febrile15.5Ileal & colonic diverticulosisCT: Sigmoid diverticulitis. Repeat CT on 2nd admission confirmedConservative. Readmitted 2 weeks later, managed conservatively.Elective surgery performed later[8]
873FDiffuse+lower abdominal painDiffuse tenderness, hypobowel sounds5.8LGI bleeding 3 months prior. Descending colon diverticulosisBarium enema X-rayConservative for 10 days-laparotomy-right hemicolectomy due to suspicion of cancerMultiple diverticulae in the terminal ileum, one perforated. No malignancyDied post-op day 8-acute myocardial ischemia. Autopsy-multiple small bowel diverticulae, not inflamed[10]
929MRight-sided lower abdominal painDiffuse guarding and rigidity, more on the RLQ.
Febrile
23Recently diagnosed renal diseaseDiagnostic laparoscopyDiagnostic laparoscopy converted to laparotomy due to adhesions. Resection and anastomosisSingle inflamed diverticulum. No malignancy[18]
1081MRight lower abdominal painful massTender mass in the right flank13.9Significant weight lossCT: cavitated thin-walled lesion in RIFConservative till day 6; laparotomy with resection and anastomosisMultiple jejunal diverticula with mucosal ulceration and inflammatory lesionsDischarged on day 5 post-op[19]
1179MDiffuse abdominal painGeneralized tenderness with signs of peritonitis16Hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and cholecystectomyCT: thickening of the distal jejunal loop and thickening and infiltration of the mesenteric fat and free air in the mesenterySurgical resection and anastomosisMultiple jejunal diverticuale. No malignancy[20]
1267MAbdominal painNA12.2Colonic diverticulosis and an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding one year beforeCT: colonic diverticulosis. Multiple diverticula of the small intestine, with signs of inflammationInitially conservative. Presented 2 months later with recurrence, managed with surgical resection underwent double enterectomyNo evidence of malignancyNA[21]
1377MLocalized abdominal painRLQ tenderness11.4Gunshot wound to the abdomen requiring an exploratory laparotomyCT: focally thickened loop of small bowel in the anterior midabdomen with a small collection adjacent to the thickened small bowel measuring ConservativeWell after 1 year follow-up[22]
1482FGeneralized abdominal pain for one dayGeneralized abdominal tenderness with signs of peritonitis18.2CT: multiple small bowel diverticulae with surrounding pockets of free air adjacent to the jejunal diverticulaLaparotomy-2 pin hole perforations-primary closureNA[23]

WBC: white blood cell count; NA: not available; RUQ: right upper quadrant; RLQ: right lower quadrant; LLQ: left lower quadrant; CT: computed tomography; references: [4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 1621].