Study Sex Age pH LEA Presentation D PE Labs US CT Others Surgery Intra-op Histo F Up Current study Qatar 2020 M 46 y DM Yes RUQ pain 1 d Epigastric tenderness WBC: 17.4, Hb: 14.4, bili: 47, direct bili: 35, ALT: 156 U/L, AST: 182 U/L, lipase: 106 IU, CA 19-9: 303 U/ml, IgE: 432 units/L, postop positive S serology 1st US: GS, Di IHBD, CBD: 7 mm 2nd US: new liver collection cm Newly developed liver abscess MRCP: acute Chol, Cholang. ERCP: cholang, no filling defect, possibly narrow distal CBD Lap Chole Omental adhesions to the GB which was densely adherent to the liver Chronic Chol, Gr Inf secondary to S Prazi 40 mg/kg divided into 3 doses Hedfi 2019 Tunisia [4 ] F 51 y DysL No Hepatic colic 2 m N N Thin-walled GB, GS 10 mm NR NR Lap Chole Slightly thick-walled GB, fine cystic duct Calcified S ova in the wall of GB stained positively for periodic acid-Schiff CT urography: N Majrashi 2018 Saudi [20 ] M 50 y DM Yes Elective surgery for biliary colic 9 y RUQ tenderness Positive S serology postop others: N Wall thickness (4 mm), GS 8 mm UR NR Lap Chole Thick wall GB, with necrotic spots, firmly attached to the liver bed Gr Inf around calcified S. haematobium eggs Referred to ID team Azoulay 2016 France [15 ] M 53 y NR Yes Elective after 2 episodes of Chol, recent 4 kg weight loss 5 m N N Hyperechogenic thick GB wall, no GS Thick GB wall 12 mm, contained calcifications and lesion protruding into GB and the liver, increased density of peri-vesicular fat, enlarged 2 hilar LN’s (7 mm) NR Lap to open radical Chole (en bloc omental adhesions and LN resection) Tense retraction of the right colon, duodenum, and omentum to the inferior aspect of the liver hampered Lap GB exploration Acute and chronic Chol with dense fibrosis, S eggs in GB wall Single dose of 2.4 mg of Prazi 15 d after surgery Manes 2014 Greece [19 ] M 77 y NR Yes Elective 3 months after Chol 3 m RUQ tenderness N Thick-walled GB (6.8 mm) GS 1.7 cm impacted at GB neck NR NR Lap converted to open Chole GB inflamed and thick with necrotic spots and wood-like consistency Gr Inf around calcified S. mansoni eggs Prazi 20 mg/kg every 4 h for 3 doses Sharara 2001 Lebanon [8 ] F 47 y Smoker No RUQ discomfort 3 d RUQ tenderness AEC: 660/mm3 UA: Mic hem Thick GB wall, 1 cm echogenic structure without acoustic shadow at GB fundus Markedly thick GB wall, 2 hypodense liver lesions NR Lap Chole Thick nondistended gallbladder firmly adherent to the liver surface and an enlarged cystic LN, no GS Gr Inf around multiple S eggs, with the lateral spine, likely S mansoni Prazi 20 mg/kg every 4 h for 3 doses Bakhotma 1996 Saudi [21 ] M 30 y NR RUQ pain, HU NR NR UA: S. haematobium GS NR NR Lap Chole Thickened wall Chronic Chol with S. infection Prazi, received before surgery Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] M 27 y NR Yes Biliary colic, hematemesis 2 m Enlarged spleen down to the pelvis NR Huge spleen, thick GB wall, no GS NR OGD: varices lower two-thirds of the esophagus L, Chole Huge spleen, cirrhotic liver, GB grey, irregular in thickness, infiltrating into the liver bed. Thick cystic duct Extensive S fibrosis NR Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] M 25 y NR Yes Epigastric pain 2 m NR NR Thick GB wall, large GS NR NR Chole Thick walled grey GB, the fibrosis so deep into the bed, thickened fibrotic, and calcified cystic duct Extensive fibrocalcific GB S, due to S mansoni NR Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] M 62 y Childhood HU Yes RUQ pain NR NR NR GS NR NR Chole Thick-walled grey GB, attached tightly to the liver and infiltrating it Extensive fibrocalcific GB S, due to S haematobium NR Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] M 33 y Childhood HU Yes Dull epigastric pain 3 m NR NR Large GS NR NR L, Chole Thick-walled grey GB, with extensive fibrosis Fibrocalcific GB S, due to S. haematobium NR Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] F 40 y Obese Yes Dull RUQ pain 13 m No tenderness NR Thick GB wall, large GS NR NR Chole Thick-walled grey GB, GS Fibrocalcific GB S, due to S haematobium NR Al-Saleem 1989 Iraq [7 ] M 55 y NR Yes RUQ discomfort radiated to Rt shoulder, N&V 14 m RUQ tenderness NR Thick GB wall, large GS NR NR NR Pancreatic tumour with multiple hepatic secondaries, thick-walled GB with stones Biopsy showed extensive fibrosis, ova of S. haematobium NR Rappaport 1975 US [6 ] M 51 NR NR RUQ pain, N&V, diarrhea Few d RUQ tenderness N NR NR IVP: N Chole Fibrotic liver, focally mildly thickened GB Gr Inf, S. mansoni NR