Advanced Renal Pelvic Carcinoma Revealed after Treatment of a Staghorn Calculus by Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery

Figure 1

(a) A complete staghorn calculus of the left kidney (about 8 cm). (b) After the 1st ECIRS, a renal stone in the pelvis was removed. (c) After the 2nd ECIRS, most of the renal stone was removed. (d) After the last ECIRS, a stone-free state was achieved.

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