Balanced Anaesthetic Approach in a Late-Term Gravid Cow Undergoing Metacarpal Fracture Repair

Figure 1

Invasive mean arterial blood pressure (mean BP, mmHg) and heart rate (HR, beats min⁻¹) during maintenance of anaesthesia of a gravid cow undergoing metacarpal fracture repair. Arrows correspond to the beginning and end of the constant rate infusion of ketamine (0.6 mg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹) and xylazine (0.02 mg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹). Asterisk (*) corresponds to the beginning and the end of the surgery.