Single-Stage Craniectomy and Cranioplasty for Multilobular Osteochondrosarcoma Managed with a Custom Additive Manufactured Titanium Plate in a Dog

Figure 9

Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma regrowth after excision and calvaria replacement with titanium implant. (a) Gross aspect of the brain-plate interface after post-mortem removal of the plate. Note the thin fibrous tissue that was extending through the plate’s holes. (b) Section through the entire skull at the level of the frontal cortex, post fixation and decalcification. Note the well-demarcated, intraparenchymal compressive mass (black arrows) with small white foci of bone in the structure, compatible with multilobular osteochondrosarcoma (bar = 1 cm). (c) Subgross photomicrograph of the previous section (b). Note the intraparenchymal growth of the mass, attached to the fibrous tissue starting under the fibrovascular tissue (bar = 1 cm; Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain).

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