The Role of Open Lung Biopsy in Critically Ill Patients with Hypoxic Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 4

Multivariable analysis of clinical variables associated with acute hospital mortality.

Variables	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	value
Postbiopsy steroids	0.24	0.06–0.96	0.04
Postbiopsy complications	2.60	0.81–8.36	0.11
Apache II score	1.06	0.97–1.15	0.19
Mode of ventilation on admission
Oxygen	1.0	—	0.13
Noninvasive ventilation	4.36	0.89–21.28
Mechanical ventilation	1.99	0.56–7.04
Timing of biopsy
Early	1.0	—	0.15
Late	2.25	0.74–6.83
Sex (female)	1.32	0.44–3.97	0.62

Variables tested in univariable analysis consisted of the following: history of cardiac disease, history of lung disease, history of cancer, history of connective tissue disease, history of endocrine disorder, history of renal failure, use of steroids or vasopressors or antibiotics or immunosuppressants before or after open lung biopsy, timing of biopsy, postbiopsy complications, mode of ventilation prior to biopsy, and APACHE II score. Variables that demonstrated a  value < 0.1 were entered into the multivariable model.