Clinical and Functional Characteristics of Subjects with Asthma, COPD, and Asthma-COPD Overlap: A Multicentre Study in Vietnam

Table 2

Biological and functional characteristics of study subjects.

Parameters	Asthma	COPD	ACO
Blood tests
Hypereosinophilia (%)	78.9	5.4	64.4	<0.001; <0.05
Increased CRP (%)	13.1	54.0	23.7	<0.001; <0.01; <0.05
Increased total IgE (%)	81.5	27.0	45.7	<0.001; <0.01
SPT (+) (%)	92.1	6.7	54.2	<0.001
LFT after BD
FEV1	80 ± 22	64 ± 17	54 ± 14	<0.01; <0.05
FEV1/FVC	72 ± 8	62 ± 6	64 ± 5	<0.05; NS
MEF25-50	72 ± 7	44 ± 12	42 ± 11	<0.01; NS
TLC	96 ± 14	118 ± 22	117 ± 16	NS
RV	126 ± 19	158 ± 23	158 ± 21	<0.05; NS
FRC	142 ± 18	168 ± 21	167 ± 22	<0.05; NS
Reversibility test (+) (%)	84	12	66	<0.001; <0.05
DLCO	90 ± 12	73 ± 11	68 ± 14	<0.001; NS
Exhaled NO
Increased FENO (%)	89.4	2.7	64.4	<0.001; <0.05
Mean FENO (ppb)	46 ± 28	15 ± 8	34 ± 12	<0.01; <0.05
Increased CANO (%)	6.5	4.1	83.0	NS; <0.001
Mean CANO (ppb)	4 ± 2	3 ± 2	6 ± 3	NS; <0.05
Exercise testing
VO2 max (%)	64 ± 12	52 ± 12	56 ± 14	<0.05; NS
6MWT
6MWD (metre)	388 ± 126	324 ± 144	317 ± 155	<0.05; NS
DOD (%)	4 ± 2	7 ± 3	8 ± 4	<0.05; NS
Sleep study
AHI > 15 (%)	35.5	36.4	64.4	NS; <0.01
AHI (times/hour)	16 ± 9	17 ± 8	24 ± 12	NS; <0.05
Nadir SpO2 (%)	86 ± 9	84 ± 7	78 ± 8	NS; <0.05

ACO: asthma-COPD overlap; SPT: skin prick test (positivity with ≥ one allergen); LFT: lung function test; BD: bronchodilator; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; MEF: mean expiratory flow; TLC: total lung capacity; RV: residual volume; FRC: functional residual capacity; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; NO: nitric oxide; F_ENO: fractional exhaled NO; C_ANO: alveolar concentration of NO; 6MWD: 6-minute walk distance; DOD: differentiation of oxygen desaturation; AHI: apnea-hypopnea index. Asthma versus COPD; asthma versus ACO; ACO versus COPD.