Prognostic Value of Concomitant Bronchiectasis in Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Panbronchiolitis Patients on a Maintenance Therapy with Macrolides
Table 1
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of DPB subjects with and without bronchiectasis at baseline.
Parameter
Whole group ()
DPB with bronchiectasis ()
DPB without bronchiectasis ()
value▲
Age (years)
52.5 ± 16.8
53.0 ± 16.6
51.9 ± 17.3
0.597
Female
91 (41.9)
59 (45.7)
32 (36.4)
0.108
BMI (kg/m2)
21.3±5.3
19.7±3.9
23.8±6.2
<0.001
Smoking history
52 (24.0)
34 (26.4)
18 (20.5)
0.317
Disease duration (year)※
7.0 (5.0, 9.0)
7.0 (5.0, 10.5)
6.5 (5.0, 9.0)
0.088
Disease history
Chronic sinusitis
197 (90.8)
116 (89.9)
81 (92.0)
0.596
Chronic bronchitis
19 (8.8)
14 (10.9)
5 (5.7)
0.186
Emphysema
11 (5.1)
7 (5.4)
4 (4.5)
0.771
Preexisting tuberculosis
24 (11.1)
17 (13.2)
7 (8.0)
0.228
Hypertension
42 (19.4)
23 (17.8)
19 (21.6)
0.491
Diabetes
10 (4.6)
6 (4.7)
4 (4.5)
0.971
Cardiovascular diseases
14 (6.5)
9 (7.0)
5 (5.7)
0.703
Rheumatic diseases
10 (4.6)
6 (4.7)
4 (4.5)
0.971
Pulmonary surgery history
9 (4.1)
7 (5.4)
2 (2.3)
0.253
Clinical manifestations
Cough
217 (100)
129 (100)
88 (100)
1.000
Sputum production
216 (99.5)
129 (100)
87 (98.9)
1.000
Shortness of breath
166 (76.5)
112 (86.82)
54 (61.4)
<0.001
Exertional dyspnea
194 (89.4)
118 (91.5)
76 (86.4)
0.230
Hemoptysis
50 (23.0)
36 (27.9)
14 (15.9)
0.039
Body weight loss
33 (15.2)
25 (19.4)
8 (9.1)
0.038
Crackle
119 (54.8)
72 (55.8)
47 (53.4)
0.727
Wheezing
53 (24.4)
30 (23.3)
23 (26.1)
0.628
Laboratory findings
pH
7.41 (7.39, 7.43)
7.41 (7.39, 7.43)
7.41(7.39, 7.43)
0.674
PaCO2 (mmHg)
40.7 (37.2, 45.3)
40.8 (37.1, 45.6)
40.5 (38.0, 44.7)
0.865
PaO2 (mmHg)
80.0±15.7
78.2±14.7
82.7±16.8
0.037
WBC (10 × 9/L)
7.6 ± 2.7
7.3 ± 2.6
7.9 ± 2.7
0.143
Neutrophil (%)
63.3 ± 11.7
64.3 ± 11.4
61.9 ± 11.9
0.134
CRP (mg/L)
4.8 (1.6, 12.4)
4.6 (1.6, 15.0)
5.5 (1.5, 11.7)
0.687
ESR (mm/h)
20.2 (9.2, 36.7)
19.6 (8.0, 35.4)
20.4 (10.3, 37.4)
0.522
Positive CHA test■
49 (22.6)
30 (23.3)
19 (21.6)
0.773
Pulmonary function tests
FVC (% pred)
74.8 ± 20.6
72.6 ± 20.9
78.0 ± 19.9
0.058
FEV1 (% pred)
60.7±15.4
58.9±14.1
63.3±16.8
0.040
FEV1/FVC
65.0 ± 8.1
64.1 ± 7.4
66.2 ± 8.9
0.070
FEF75 (% pred)
39.8 (32.6, 55.9)
38.2 (34.1, 54.5)
41.4 (29.3, 57.5)
0.712
RV (% pred)
149.4 (123.3, 178.5)
152.6 (125.8, 181.6
145.6 (121.3, 171.0
0.213
Microorganisms
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
77 (35.5)
58 (45.0)
19 (21.6)
<0.001
Haemophilus influenzae
34 (15.7)
22 (17.1)
12 (13.6)
0.496
Nontuberculous mycobacterium
8 (3.7)
5 (3.9)
3 (3.4)
1.000
Streptococcus viridans
3 (1.4)
3 (2.3)
0 (0)
0.273
Candida albicans
19 (8.8)
8 (6.2)
11 (12.5)
0.107
Acinetobacter baumannii
5 (2.3)
5 (3.9)
0 (0)
0.082
Neisseria bacteria
16 (7.4)
6 (4.7)
10 (11.4)
0.063
Klebsiella pneumoniae
2 (0.9)
2 (1.6)
0 (0)
0.516
Enterobacter cloacae
4 (1.8)
2 (1.6)
2 (2.3)
1.000
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or numbers (percentages). BMI: body mass index; CHA: cold hemagglutination; CI: confidence interval; CRP : C-reactive protein; DPB: diffuse panbronchiolitis; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FEF: forced expiratory flow; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC: forced vital capacity; OR: odds ration; PaCO2: arterial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO2: arterial pressure of oxygen; pH: potential of hydrogen; RV: residual volume; WBC: white blood cell. ※Disease duration was defined as the time from the first DPB symptoms onset to the first visit to hospital. ▲Comparison of DPB subjects with and without bronchiectasis. ■A positive CHA test was defined as a value greater than 1 : 64.
