Extracorporeal Shock Waves Increase Markers of Cellular Proliferation in Bronchial Epithelium and in Primary Bronchial Fibroblasts of COPD Patients

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and control smokers who provided bronchial fibroblasts for “in vitro” experiments.

Subjects	Age (years)	M/F	Pack/years	Ex-smoker/current smoker	FEV1% pre-BD	FEV1% post-BD	FEV1/FVC%
COPD1	55	M	40	Current	56	64	46
COPD2	56	M	109	Current	40	39	36
COPD3	78	M	10	Ex	78	85	60
Mean ± SD	63 ± 13	—	53 ± 51	—	58 ± 19	63 ± 23	47 ± 12
CS1	73	M	60	Current	86	ND	74
CS2	63	M	52	Current	97	ND	77
CS3	56	M	10	Current	112	ND	86
Mean ± SD	64 ± 8	—	41 ± 27	—	98 ± 13	—	79 ± 6

Individual and mean ± standard deviation (SD) data. M: male; F: female; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; BD: bronchodilator; FVC: forced vital capacity; ND: not determined. Patients were classified according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung disease (http://goldcopd.org) levels of severity for COPD. For COPD patients, FEV1/FVC% are postbronchodilator values. ANOVA test: FEV1%,  = 0.039; FEV1/FVC%,  = 0.015. No significant differences were observed for age ( = 0.916) and pack/years ( = 0.728) smoked.