Upregulation of Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily J Member 2 Levels in the Lungs of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of the study subjects who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage.
Items
Normal controls
IPF
NSIP
HP
Sarcoidosis
No.
30
84
9
8
10
Age (year)
55 (35–72)
63.41 (59–75)
54.18 (39–70)†
44.58 (27–63)†
41.90 (27–68)†
Sex (male/female)
17/13
51/33
3/6
3/5
6/4
Smoke (NS/ES/SM/ND)
7/9/14
19/25/36
3/2/1/2
5/1/1/1
5/2/3/0
Follow-up duration (year)
ND
3.8 (1.7–6.5)
ND
ND
ND
Survival/Death
26/4
25/59
7/2
8/0
10/0
FVC (% pred.)
115.00 (106.25–132.25)
67.0 (52.0–80.00)
62.00 (50.50–82.00)
59.50 (54.50–81.50)
86.50 (72.50–99.25) †
FEV1 (% pred.)
104.00 (88.48–121.25)
89.50 (59.0–93.00)
64.00 (56.50–94.00) †
71.50 (58.00–92.00) †
98.00 (80.50–106.25)
DLCO (% pred.)
86 (79–110)
57.00 (46.0–71.00)
62.00 (57.00–73.00)
68.50 (56.25–85.00)
89.00 (81.50–98.00)†
dFVC (%/year)
NA
−6.8 (–13.6–2.8)
NA
NA
NA
BAL total cell count (x104/mL)
3.46 ± 0.82
7.72 ± 2.42
18.56 ± 3.91
13.03 ± 3.78
9.13 ± 3.29
Macrophages (x104/mL)
3.02 ± 0.43
6.12 ± 1.78
12.91 ± 3.57
7.85 ± 2.38
7.26 ± 3.61
Neutrophils (x104/mL)
0.31 ± 0.047
1.87 ± 0.15
2.31 ± 1.42
3.42 ± 2.36
0.48 ± 0.18
Eosinophils (x104/mL)
0.02 ± 0.01
0.51 ± 0.08
0.72 ± 0.16
0.21 ± 0.18
0.12 ± 0.11
Lymphocytes (x104/mL)
0.02 ± 0.01
0.27 ± 0.15
2.32 ± 0.12 †
2.40 ± 0.11 †
2.44 ± 0.21 †
IPF: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; NSIP: Nonspecific interstitial fibrosis; HP: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis CS/ES/NS: current-smokers/ex-smokers/never-smokers; ND: not determined; dFVC (%): annual decline rate of FVC. Difference in patient characteristics and pulmonary function test, shown as median (IQR), among the controls, IPF, NSIP, HP, and sarcoidosis groups was calculated with Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney U test as post hoc test. BAL cell numbers, shown as mean ± standard error of the mean, among the five groups were compared using one-way ANOVA analysis of variance with Tukey’s honestly significant difference test as post hoc test. Significance: compared with normal controls: , compared with IPF: †.
