Thoracic Complications in Behçet’s Disease: Imaging Findings

Figure 4

A 40-year-old man with pulmonary artery aneurysms who had recurrent hemoptysis and chest pain and dyspnea. (a) Before treatment with immunosuppressive axial contrast-enhanced chest CT scan (mediastinal window) showing an aneurysm with lobulated contour on the right interlobar pulmonary artery (arrows). (b) Follow-up coronal maximum-intensity projection CT image showing multiple intraluminal filling defects within the upper lobe segmental branches of the right pulmonary artery (short arrows) and the right pulmonary artery with lobulated contour (arrow). (c) An axial contrast-enhanced CT scan through the lower chest showing basal segmental pulmonary arteries with central filling defects consistent with thromboembolism (arrows). Note. In this patient, deep vein thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities were not observed by Doppler ultrasonography. Thus, pulmonary thromboemboli probably developed as a complication of anticoagulant therapy. (d) Three years after treatment with immunosuppressive, axial maximum-intensity projection CT (curved multiplanar reconstruction) image shows regression of aneurysm on the right interlobar pulmonary artery (arrow heads). (e) High-resolution CT scan obtained 1-year later following immunosuppressive treatment showing a soft tissue nodule with air-crescent sign (arrow) within a cavity in the right upper lung and mycetoma showing a characteristic crescent of air between the mycetoma and the cavity wall. Radiological and serological tests confirmed Aspergillus fumigatus.

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