The Effect of Adding Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation with Endurance and Resistance Training on Exercise Capacity and Balance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 4

6MWT parameters and maximal voluntary contraction before and after the intervention.

Parameters	Intervention group (n = 22)	Control group (n = 20)	value
6MWD; Baseline; Follow-up	418 ± 105; 542 ±136	427 ± 61; 523 ± 68	0.28; < 0.05
%SpO2 rest; Baseline; Follow-up	93 ± 2; 94 ± 2	93 ± 1; 94± 1	0.72; 0.46
%SpO2 peak; Baseline; Follow-up	88 ± 2; 91± 1	88 ± 1; 90± 1	0.63; 0.17
Dyspnea rest; (Borg); Baseline; Follow-up	1.64 ± 0.72; 0.91 ± 0.61	1.60 ± 0.59; 0.95 ± 0.45	0.86; 0.37
Dyspnea peak; (Borg); Baseline; Follow-up	4.18 ± 1.44; 2.59 ± 0.96	4.25 ± 0.85; 3.10 ± 0.79	0.85; 0.06
HR rest (bpm); Baseline; Follow-up	82 ± 7; 80± 6	84 ± 6; 81± 5	0.41; 0.53
HR peak (bpm); Baseline; Follow-up	118 ± 13; 112±10	118 ± 8; 113±5	0.91; 0.56
MVC (Newton meter); Baseline; Follow-up	356 ± 31; 440± 25	355 ± 30; 413± 26	0.95; < 0.001

ET: endurance training; RT: resistance training; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; MVC: maximal voluntary contraction; SpO₂: peripheral oxygen saturation; Borg: modified Borg dyspnea scale; HR: heart rate; bpm: beats per minute.