The Effect of Adding Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation with Endurance and Resistance Training on Exercise Capacity and Balance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 5

Mean values and standard deviations of static and dynamic balance outcomes before and after the intervention.

	Intervention group: ET + RT + NMES				Control group: ET + RT
	Before		After		Before		After
	EO	EC	EO	EC	EO	EC	EO	EC
CoPML (mm)	118.01 ± 13.77	146.69 ± 13.93	84.54 ± 10.22	103.67 ± 6.53	118.36 ± 16.96	144.01 ± 10.96	99.30 ± 12.76	116.78 ± 5.89
CoPAP (mm)	175.03 ± 10.11	247.34 ± 14.72	160.49 ± 8.24	224.16 ± 17.18	178.16 ± 10.41	249.58 ± 19.59	169.55 ± 12.62	233.64 ± 14.42
CoPV (mm/s)	10.03 ± 1.35	13.95 ± 0.96	7.48 ± 1.46	10.47 ± 0.91	10.83 ± 1.15	14.02 ± 1.27	9.40 ± 0.32	11.40 ± 0.82
TUG (s)	13.57 ± 0.71		10.06 ± 0.48		13.75 ± 0.98		10.71 ± 0.70
BBS (score)	47.77 ± 4.49		53.68 ± 1.78		45.70 ± 1.79		55.10 ± 1.07

ET: endurance training; RT: resistance training; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; OE: open eyes; CE: closed eyes; CoP_ML: center of the pressure in the mediolateral direction; CoP_AP: center of the pressure in the anterior-posterior direction; CoP_v: oscillation velocity of the pressure center; TUG: time up and go; BBS: Berg Balance Scale. Significant () in the same group in the same visual condition before and after the intervention. Significant () in the same group in the same visual condition before and after the intervention. significant () in the same group in the same visual condition before and after the intervention. E: significant () between groups in the same visual condition. EE: significant () between groups in the same visual condition. EEE: significant () between groups in the same visual condition. Variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation units.