Prognostic Role of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma Physiology Score for in-Hospital and 1-year Mortality in Patients with Acute Exacerbations of COPD

Table 4

Univariate and multivariate associations with in-hospital mortality.

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	RR (95% CI)	P Value	RR (95% CI)	P Value
Age (per increase of 10-year)	1.93 (0.98–3.80)	0.057	0.43 (0.13–1.45)	0.173
Sex (female vs male)	1.30 (0.41–4.09)	0.658
Smoking status (never smoker vs current/ever smoker)	2.76 (0.62–12.39)	0.184	1.32 (0.09–19.45)	0.838
BMI (per increase of 1 point)	0.86 (0.75–0.99)	0.035	0.87 (0.71–1.06)	0.155
COPD stage (per increase to next stage)	1.00 (0.57–1.76)	0.989
Exacerbations during preceding year (yes vs no)	5.78 (1.63–20.52)	0.007	7.56 (1.33–42.91)	0.022
CHF (yes vs no)	9.33 (3.37–25.85)	<0.001	8.54 (1.67–43.67)	0.010
RD (yes vs no)	8.55 (3.02–24.23)	<0.001	4.15 (0.59–29.40)	0.154
CAPS (≥21 vs. <21 points)	26.82 (5.97–120.56)	<0.001	13.28 (1.97–89.53)	0.008
Percentage of neutrophils (<80 vs. ≥ 80%)	3.29 (1.19–9.12)	0.022	1.02 (0.16–6.45)	0.980
Lymphocyte count (<1.1 vs. ≥ 1.1 × 10^9/L)	4.28 (1.47–12.46)	0.008	4.51 (0.85–23.99)	0.078
PH
(PH < 7.35 vs.7.35 ≤ PH ≤ 7.45)	5.78 (1.73–19.37)	0.004	2.87 (0.37–22.12)	0.311
(PH > 7.45 vs.7.35 ≤ PH ≤ 7.45)	6.80 (2.00–23.10)	0.002	5.26 (0.93–29.77)	0.060
PaO2 (≥60 vs. < 60 mmHg)	4.97 (1.56–15.83)	0.007	1.40 (0.26–7.42)	0.694
PaCO2 (≥50 vs. <50 mmHg)	1.63 (0.58–4.58)	0.351

95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval; RR, relative risk.