Intensive Intervention Improves Outcomes for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Medical Consortium-Based Management
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of subjects.
Variable
Control group
Management group
Subjects, n
147
141
Males, n (%)
119 (81)
123 (87)
0.147
Age (years)
73.73 ± 9.47
73.76 ± 7.89
0.846
BMI (kg/m2)
20.60 ± 3.44
21.06 ± 3.49
0.036
Highest educational levels (higher school and above), n (%)
5 (3)
12 (8)
0.019
Smoker, n (%)
72 (49)
67 (47)
0.805
First onset age (years)
59.04 ± 14.34
61.07 ± 12.68
0.281
Pulmonary rehabilitation
72 (49)
77 (55)
0.340
Pursed-lips breathing
23 (16)
26 (18)
0.530
Average oxygen use per day (hours)
1.17 ± 2.7
2.01 ± 3.49
0.031
Medication regularity
75 (51)
68 (48)
0.637
Barthel ADL index (≥60)
57 (39)
73 (52)
0.037
mMRC grades (≥2), n (%)
142 (97)
138 (97)
0.007
CAT
16.41 ± 4.81
17.28 ± 4.47
0.018
Pulmonary function
FEV1/FVC (%)
55 ± 9.63
51.6 ± 10.21
0.004
FEV1/% predicted
45.17 ± 18.66
36.37 ± 15.31
2.190
FVC/% predicted
62.02 ± 19.44
53.77 ± 16.74
0.000
MEF25
1.46 ± 1.17
1.17 ± 0.95
0.006
MEF50
0.78 ± 0.6
0.63 ± 0.55
0.000
MEF75
0.37 ± 0.22
0.30 ± 0.19
0.000
GOLD-ABCD
A, n (%)
1 (0.68)
4 (2.84)
0.208
B, n (%)
53 (36.05)
38 (26.95)
0.101
C, n (%)
4 (2.72)
0 (0.00)
0.123
D, n (%)
89 (60.54)
99 (70.21)
0.107
BMI: body mass index; Barthel ADL index: Barthel index for activity of the daily living scale; mMRC: modified British medical research council; CAT: the COPD assessment test; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: one second expiratory volume; MEF: mean expiratory flow; other lung diseases: including bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, silicosis, and lung cancer.
