Review Article
Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Atrial Fibrillation: A World without Anticoagulation?
Table 1
Causes of warfarin underutilization.
| (1) Risk of bleeding (perceived or real) | (a) Intracranial hemorrhage | (b) Gastrointestinal bleeding | (c) Other major bleeds (retroperitoneal, hematuria, etc.) | (2) Perceived Fall Risk (and associated bleeding risk) | (3) Difficulty with INR monitoring | (a) Geographical barriers | (b) Lack of insurance/primary care physician | (4) Non-compliance | (5) Patient preference | (6) Physician unawareness (such as need in paroxysmal AF*) | (7) Pharmacokinetic interference | (a) Drug interaction | (b) Dietary interference | (8) Ethnic and gender disparities |
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*AF: atrial fibrillation.
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