Hemodynamic Changes during a Deep Inspiration Maneuver Predict Fluid Responsiveness in Spontaneously Breathing Patients

Table 4

Hemodynamic parameters before and after volume expansion in responders and nonresponders.

𝑛=23	Before volume	After volume
	expansion	expansion
RR, cycles/min
Nonresponders	23 ± 4	22 ± 4
Responders	23 ± 4	22 ± 4
HR, beats/min
Nonresponders	97 ± 22	97 ± 23
Responders	112 ± 22	107 ± 18^b
MAP, mm Hg
Nonresponders	79 ± 13	83 ± 13^b
Responders	80 ± 14	90 ± 16^b
PP, mm Hg
Nonresponders	66 ± 19	68 ± 20
Responders	63 ± 22	71 ± 26^b
VF, mm Hg
Nonresponders	82.1 ± 20.5	87.5 ± 22.9^b
Responders	79.2 ± 27.8	94.6 ± 33.4^b
SVi, mL/m²
Nonresponders	28.7 ± 4.9	31.3 ± 5.4^b
Responders	28.9 ± 10.7	39 ± 14.1^b
ΔPP, %
Nonresponders	6.6 ± 2.5^a	4.5 ± 2.2^b
Responders	13.5 ± 10.6	5.5 ± 2.5^b
ΔPPdim, %
Nonresponders	7.2 ± 3.5^a	5.7 ± 2.5^a
Responders	20.6 ± 10	10.2 ± 6.1^b
ΔVF, %
Nonresponders	6.6 ± 1.9^a	5.1 ± 1.1^b
Responders	13.4 ± 10.6	6.6 ± 3.1^b
ΔVFdim, %
Nonresponders	7.4 ± 3^a	6.3 ± 1.8^a
Responders	20.4 ± 10.1	10.9 ± 5.2^b

RR, respiratory rate; HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PP, pulse pressure; VF, velocity peak of femoral artery flow; SVi, stroke volume index; ΔPP, respiration-induced change in PP; ΔPPdim, deep inspiration maneuver-induced change in PP; ΔVF, respiration-induced change in VF; ΔVFdim, deep inspiration maneuver-induced change in VF; responders, patients with volume expansion-induced changes in stroke volume ≥ 15%. ^a𝑃<0.05 versus responders; ^b𝑃<0.05 versus before volume expansion. Values given as mean ± SD.