Research Article

Omega-3 Status and the Relationship between Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Table 2

Serum fatty acids and biochemical markers by ADMA quartiles and in the upper decile of plasma ADMA concentration1.

QuartilesUpper decile
1234 trend2
0.46 (0.10, 0.50) 0.54 (0.50, 0.59) 0.63 (0.59, 0.70) 0.80 (0.70, 1.71) 0.89 (0.82, 1.71)

Fatty acids

TFAs (mg/L)4277 (4087, 4467)4024 (3839, 4209)4115 (3932, 4297)4373 (4192, 4554)0.734265 (3980, 4550)
Total n-3 PUFA (wt%)37.57 (7.23, 7.91)7.29 (7.00, 7.59)7.70 (7.38, 8.01)7.82 (7.51, 8.13)0.557.23 (6.74, 7.73)
ALA (wt%)0.73 (0.71, 0.76)0.72 (0.70, 0.74)0.74 (0.72, 0.76)0.75 (0.73, 0.78)0.740.77 (0.73, 0.80)
n-3 LCPUFA (wt%)46.90 (6.57, 7.23)6.52 (6.19, 6.84)6.86 (6.54, 7.18)6.84 (6.52, 7.15)0.546.47 (5.97, 6.97)

Lipid related parameters

ApoA1 (g/L)1.36 (1.33, 1.39)1.35 (1.32, 1.38)1.36 (1.33, 1.39)1.36 (1.34, 1.39)0.511.33 (1.29, 1.37)
ApoB (g/L)0.94 (0.91, 0.97)0.91 (0.88, 0.94)0.95 (0.92, 0.97)0.95 (0.92, 0.98)0.590.93 (0.89, 0.97)
Total Ch. (mmol/L)5.26 (5.13, 5.40)5.10 (4.96, 5.23)5.29 (5.16, 5.42)5.31 (5.17, 5.44)0.585.17 (4.96, 5.38)
LDL Ch. (mmol/L)3.19 (3.07, 3.30)3.14 (3.02, 3.25)3.32 (3.20, 3.43)3.30 (3.19, 3.41)0.713.23 (3.05, 3.40)
HDL Ch. (mmol/L)1.30 (1.26, 1.34)1.28 (1.24, 1.32)1.32 (1.28, 1.36)1.33 (1.29, 1.37)0.411.28 (1.21, 1.34)
Non HDL (mmol/L)1.30 (1.26, 1.34)1.28 (1.24, 1.32)1.32 (1.28, 1.36)1.33 (1.29, 1.37)0.423.89 (3.68, 4.10)
TG (mmol/L)1.96 (1.80, 2.12)1.73 (1.58, 1.89)1.66 (1.51, 1.81)1.77 (1.62, 1.92)0.061.72 (1.49, 1.96)
Lp(a) (mmol/L)0.37 (0.33, 0.41)0.37 (0.33, 0.41)0.37 (0.33, 0.41)0.39 (0.35, 0.43)0.230.40 (0.39, 0.47)

Other parameters

Glucose (mmol/L)6.46 (6.18, 6.74)6.27 (6.00, 6.55)6.23 (5.96, 6.49)6.22 (5.95, 6.48)0.156.28 (5.87, 6.70)
HbA1c (mmol/L)5.97 (5.82, 6.12)5.79 (5.64, 5.93)5.91 (5.77, 6.05)6.40 (6.25, 6.54)<0.0016.56 (6.33, 6.78)
Arginine ( mol/L)76.5 (73.8, 79.2)80.9 (78.3, 83.5)70.6 (68.0, 73.1)53.6 (51.1, 56.2)<0.00149.9 (45.7, 54.0)
Creatinine ( mol/L)85.4 (83.8, 89.4)86.6 (83.8, 89.4)88.3 (85.6, 91.0)95.2 (92.5, 97.5)<0.001104.0 (99.8, 108.2)
GFR (mL/min)90.3 (88.8, 91.7)88.7 (87.2, 90.1)87.1 (85.6, 88.5)82.6 (81.2, 84.0)<0.00178.0 (75.8, 80.3)
CRP (mg/L)6.33 (5.19, 7.48)4.10 (2.98, 5.22)3.75 (2.65, 4.85)4.09 (3.00, 5.19)0.993.72 (2.00, 5.44)

ALA: α-linolenic acid; ApoA1: apolipoprotein A-I; Ch: cholesterol; CRP: C-reactive protein; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; DPA: docosapentaenoic acid; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; Lp(a): lipoprotein(a); n-3 PUFAs: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; TFAs: total fatty acids; TG: triglycerides; n-3 LCPUFAs: long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; wt%: percentage by weight.
1Median (range) plasma ADMA concentrations (μmol/L) are presented. For fatty acids, lipid related parameters, and other parameters; mean (95% confidence interval) values are given after adjustment for age (continuous) and sex.
2P trend by linear regression adjusting for age (continuous), sex, acute coronary syndrome (yes/no), and statin treatment at baseline (yes/no).
3Combination of ALA, EPA, DPA, and DHA.
4Combination of EPA, DPA, and DHA.