Research Article

Omega-3 Status and the Relationship between Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Table 4

Risk of acute myocardial infarction for the upper decile of ADMA in strata of TFAs and n-3 PUFA.

Fatty acidsBelow medianAbove median int.1
HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)

TFAs (mg/L)
 Model 122.60 (1.41, 4.80)1.67 (0.83, 3.36)0.29
 Model 232.57 (1.25, 5.29)1.49 (0.56, 3.93)0.35
Total n-3 PUFA (wt%)4
 Model 11.89 (0.98, 3.63)2.25 (1.17, 4.34)0.72
 Model 22.36 (1.05, 5.33)1.97 (0.91, 4.30)0.99
ALA (wt%)
 Model 13.12 (1.64, 5.93)1.49 (0.77, 2.88)0.07
 Model 22.42 (1.13, 5.16)1.57 (0.69, 3.55)0.11
n-3 LCPUFA (wt%)5
 Model 12.05 (1.08, 3.89)2.11 (1.08, 4.15)0.96
 Model 22.81 (1.28, 6.16)1.74 (0.78, 3.90)0.78

ALA: α-linolenic acid; CI: confidence interval; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; DPA: docosapentaenoic acid; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; HR: hazard ratio; n-3 PUFAs: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; TFAs: total fatty acids; n-3 LCPUFAs: long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; wt%: percentage by weight.
1P interaction.
2Model 1: hazard ratios of acute myocardial infarction for plasma ADMA > 90th percentile with plasma ADMA levels < 90th percentile as reference. The model included age (continuous), sex, acute coronary syndrome (yes/no), diabetes mellitus (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), current smoking (yes/no), extend of coronary artery disease (0–3), left ventricular ejection fraction (continuous).
3Model 2: hazard ratios of acute myocardial infarction for plasma ADMA levels > 90th percentile with plasma ADMA levels < 90th percentile as reference. The model included age (continuous), sex, acute coronary syndrome (yes/no), diabetes mellitus (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), current smoking (yes/no), extend of coronary artery disease (0–3), left ventricular ejection fraction (continuous), hypercholesterolemia (yes/no), HbA1c (continuous), and glomerular filtration rate (continuous).
4Combination of ALA, EPA, DPA, and DHA.
5Combination of EPA, DPA, and DHA.