Prognostic Value of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization for Coronary Artery Disease

Table 1

Clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic features of all patients and patient subgroups.

Variables	All patients (𝑛=222)	Outcomes*, no (𝑛=197)	Outcomes, yes (𝑛=25)	𝑃 value^†
Age, year	67±8	66±8	71±7	<0.01
Men	78%	79%	76%	NS
Body mass index, kg/m^2	24.1±3.2	24.1±3.3	24.3±2.8	NS
Hypertension	49%	52%	29%	<0.05
Diabetes	40%	39%	50%	NS
Dyslipidemia	86%	84%	96%	NS
Previous myocardial infarction	60%	59%	68%	NS
Previous coronary revascularization	46%	45%	56%	NS
Coronary revascularization after the index cardiac catheterization	23%	22%	32%	NS
Serum creatinine, mg/dL	0.84±0.20	0.84±0.20	0.86±0.20	NS
Medications
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers	43%	45%	32%	NS
β-blocker	41%	42%	38%	NS
Calcium blocker	32%	34%	20%	NS
Statin	58%	56%	79%	<0.05
Antiplatelet agents	81%	80%	92%	NS
Number of coronary arteries narrowed^‡				NS
0	25%	26%	12%
1	26%	24%	40%
>1	49%	49%	48%
Heart rate, beat/min	68±12	68±12	65±12	NS
Systolic aortic pressure, mmHg	139±25	139±25	140±21	NS
Diastolic aortic pressure, mmHg	68±11	69±11	65±11	NS
Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, mmHg	14.4±5.4	14.3±5.2	15.0±5.9	NS
Relaxation time constant (Tau), ms	46.4±9.1	46.0±9.1	49.5±8.4	0.06
Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, mL/m^2	85.2±21.0	84.5±21.4	90.1±22.7	NS
Left ventricular end-systolic volume index, mL/m^2	34.0±19.2	33.5±19.4	37.6±18.0	NS
Ejection fraction	62±13%	62±13%	60±11%	NS
Echocardiographic indices
E/A	0.84±0.41	0.84±0.42	0.82±0.34	NS
Deceleration time, ms	211±50	213±51	200±45	NS
𝑒^′ cm/s	7.0±2.0	7.1±2.1	6.4±1.7	0.06
𝐸/𝑒^′	9.6±3.3	9.5±3.4	10.0±2.8	NS
Left ventricular mass index, g/m^2¶	108.6±27.6	107.2±26.9	121.6±30.9	0.05

Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or frequency.
*Outcomes were defined as cardiac death (acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death) or unscheduled admission for cardiovascular causes.
^†Outcomes yes versus no.
^‡Narrowed coronary artery was defined as major epicardial artery with ≥75% stenosis on angiogram.
^¶Left ventricular mass was available in 152 patients.