The Modification Effect of Influenza Vaccine on Prognostic Indicators for Cardiovascular Events after Acute Coronary Syndrome: Observations from an Influenza Vaccination Trial
Table 4
Discrimination of multivariable hazard ratios by the influenza vaccination for each cardiovascular event.
Prognostic indicators
No vaccination
Influenza vaccination
value
HR (95% CI)
HR (95% CI)
MACEs
LVEF (%)
≤40
2.07 (1.12–3.82)
2.37 (1.01–5.59)
−0.26
0.797
Medication
ACE-I/ARB
0.44 (0.23–0.83)
1.12 (0.45–2.78)
−1.65
0.098
Death
Age (year)
>65
10.78 (1.39–83.62)
2.28 (0.42–12.48)
1.14
0.252
Medication
ACE-I/ARB
0.26 (0.07–0.94)
1.15 (0.21–6.30)
−1.38
0.169
Composite hospitalization due to ACS, HF, or stroke
LVEF (%)
≤40
2.25 (1.14–4.45)
2.16 (0.81–5.76)
0.07
0.948
Medication
ACE-I/ARB
0.48 (0.24–0.99)
1.23 (0.43–3.54)
−1.43
0.152
Hospitalization due to ACS
No indicator was found
Hospitalization due to HF
CKD
5.12 (1.27–20.65)
24.01 (1.38–417.20)
−0.95
0.340
LVEF (%)
≤40
7.93 (1.63–38.66)
8.37 (0.72–97.72)
−0.04
0.971
Medication
Beta-blocker
1.63 (0.34–7.78)
0.05 (0.003–0.76)
2.18
0.030
MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; HF, heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease.
