Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Perioperative Cardiac Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis of 16 Randomized Trials

Table 2

Summarized trial design of the included randomized trials.

Study	Year	Country	Number of patients; (RIPC/control)	Limb	Protocol of preconditioning	Definition of periproceduralmyocardial infarction	First cuff to balloon time
Ahmed et al.	2013	Egypt	77/72	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	Several minutes
Carrasco-Chinchilla et al.	2013	Spain	118/114	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	5 min after PCI
Deftereos et al.	2013	Greece	113/112	Arm	200 mmHg × 4 cycles × 30 sec	NA	Several minutes before PCI
Er et al.	2012	Germany	26/26	Arm	50 mmHg > SBP × 4 cycles × 5 min	NA	40–85 min
Ghaemian et al.	2012	Iran	40/40	Leg	>SBP × 2 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	65 min
Hoole et al.	2009	UK	126/125	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 3 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	96 min
Iliodromitis et al.	2006	Greece	20/21	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 3 min	NA	30 min
Lavi et al.	2014	Canada	120/120	Arm	200 mmHg or 50 mmHg > SBP × 1 cycle × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 5 times the 99th percentile URL	Several minutes after PCI
Lavi II	2014	Canada	120/120	Leg	200 mmHg or 50 mmHg > SBP × 1 cycle × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 5 times the 99th percentile URL	Several minutes after PCI
Liu et al.	2014	China	98/102	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	NA	18–24 hours
Luo et al.	2013	China	101/104	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 5 times the 99th percentile URL	<120 min
Melo et al.	2013	Brazil	9/20	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	NA
Prasad et al.	2013	USA	47/48	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 3 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	>18 min
Singh et al.	2016	Korea	51/51	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	NA	30 min
Xu	2013	China	102/98	Arm	200 mmHg × 3 cycles × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 3 times the 99th percentile URL	30–120 min
Zografos et al.	2014	Greece	47/47	Arm	200 mmHg × 1 cycle × 5 min	An increase of cTnT greater than 5 times the 99th percentile URL	4 min